Unutarlubanjske i izvanlubanjske komplikacije akutne i kronične upale srednjeg uha

master's thesis

• Title (english): Cranial and extracranial complications of acute and chronic otitis media
• Author: Marko Bilić
• Mentor: Srećko Branica (mentor)
• Committee member: Mario Bilić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mihael Ries (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Srećko Branica (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Othorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Otorhinolaryngology

Abstract

Upale srednjeg uha spadaju među najuobičajenije infektivne bolesti današnjice, osobito u dječjoj populaciji. Bakterijske upale srednjeg uha najčešće prolaze bez liječenja i bez trajnih posljedica. Malen udio infekcija se zadržava u kroničnom obliku. Još manji dio kroničnih i akutnih infekcija poprima patofiziološki tok drukčiji od uobičajenog. Takve promjene uobičajenog patofiziološkog toka bolesti često daju simptome i prognozu drukčije od osnovne bolesti te zahtjevaju specifično liječenje kako bi se postiglo izlječenje pacijenta. Te promjene „uobičajenog” patofiziološkog toka bolesti nazivamo komplikacijama. S obzirom na poprište komplikacije te specifičnosti patofiziologije, dijagnostike i terapije, razlikuju se unutarlubanjske i izvanlubanjske komplikacije. Unutarlubanjske komplikacije su rezultat širenja infekcije van srednjeg uha prema moždanim ovojnicama i mozgu. Izvanlubanjske komplikacije su rezultat napredovanja bolesti s mogućim širenjem van srednjeg uha. U antibiotskoj eri, ovakve komplikacije upala srednjeg uha se u zapadnom svijetu viđaju sve rjeđe. Kao rijetke komplikacije vrlo česte bolesti, lako mogu ostati neprepoznate. Na novim naraštajima liječnika je teška zadaća da od mnogo pacijenata s nekompliciranom upalom na vrijeme prepoznaju i posebno liječe pacijente s komplikacijama. U tom teškom poslu, novim naraštajima liječnika na raspolaganju stoje suvremene radiološke metode dijagnostike te najnovije metode operativnog i konzervativnog liječenja. Ali sve te blagodati moderne medicine ne mogu zamijeniti vještinu uzimanja anamneze i statusa te kvalitetnu medicinsku naobrazbu koja je preduvjet za kvalitetno korištenje kako suvremenih, tako i starih metoda dijagnostike i liječenja u službi pacijenata.

Abstract (english)

Otitis media is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world, especially in children. Bacterial infections of the middle ear often don't require treatment and leave no permanent consequences. A small fraction of such infections propagates into chronic infections. Furthermore, in an even smaller fraction of both chronic and acute infections, there is a deviation in pathophysilogical development. Such pathophysiological deviations result in symptoms and prognoses different than those usually found in patients with otitis media, and thus demand specific treatments in order to be cured. Those pathophysiological „deviations” are dubbed complications. Regarding the location of a complication and specific pathophysiology, diagnostics and treatment, they are divided into two groups; cranial and extracranial complications. Cranial complications are the result of infection spreading out of the middle ear towards the brain and the meninges. Extracranial complications are the result of further development of the disease and its expansion beyond the middle ear. In the antibiotic era, such complications are a rare sight in the West. Because such complications are a rare variation of a common condition, they can be hard to recognize. New generations of medical doctors are tasked with the demanding mission of recognizing the few patients with otitis media complications among many patients with otitis media in order to administrate proper treatment in time. In this mission they are equipped with modern imaging techniques and ever-developing array of conservative and operational treatments. However, all these marvels of modern medicine could never replace the basic skills of taking a medical history and performing a thorough physical examination, as well as good medical education required to use all these tools old and new for the benefit of the patient.

• Keywords: upala srednjeg uha; unutarlubanjske komplikacije upale srednjeg uha; izvanlubanjske komplikacije upale srednjeg uha; apsces; kolesteatom
• Keywords (english): otitis media; cranial otitis media complications; extracranial otitis media complications; abscess; cholesteatoma
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:244869
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-10-24 09:09:15