Analiza kliničkih karakteristika odraslih pacijenata hitno primljenih u KBC Zagreb zbog ketoacidoze

master's thesis

• Title (english): Analysis of clinical features of adult patients admitted for ketoacidosis at the Emergency Department of the University Hospital Center Zagreb
• Author: Fran Vrandečić
• Mentor: Tina Dušek (mentor)
• Committee member: Darko Kaštelan (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasenka Markeljević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tina Dušek (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Dijabetička ketoacidoza (DKA) jedna je od životno ugrožavajućih komplikacija koja se potencijalno javlja u pacijenata oboljelih od dijabetesa melitusa (DM). Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je istražiti i prikazati najčešće simptome i vrijednosti laboratorijskih parametara među šezdeset i jednim pacijentom s DKA primljenih u hitni bolnički prijemu, KBC Zagreb, od kojih je najveći broj oboljelih od dijabetesa tip 1 (n=37; 61%). Tahikardija je bila dominantan klinički znak zabilježen u pacijenata u trenutku prijema (n=38; 62%). Opći simptomi (n=27; 45%), povraćanje (n=27; 45%), pojačano žeđanje (n=26; 43%) i poremećaji svijesti (n=17; 28%) najčešći su simptomi kojima su se ljudi prezentirali u hitnoj službi. U manjeg broja pacijenata (n=9; 15%) s teškom acidozom zamijećeni su znatni elektrolitski poremećaji, osobito razine serumskog kalija, u vidu hiper ili hipokalemije. U 97% ispitanika loše regulirana glikemija identificirana je kao glavni faktor koji predisponira nastanak DKA. Daljnja edukacija i senzibilizacija bolesnika o mogućim akutnim i kroničnim komplikacijama šećerne bolesti te o važnosti adekvatnog i savjesnog uzimanja propisane terapije ključni su
elementi u poboljšanju ishoda liječenja i smanjenju broja teških komplikacija.

Abstract (english)

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is acute and life-threatening complication of diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate and display most common symptoms and laboratory measurement values among 61 patient with DKA admitted to the Emergency Department of KBC Zagreb, most of whom had type 1 diabetes (n=37; 61%). Tachycardia was the dominant clinical sign noted in the patients following admission (n=38; 62%). General symptoms (n=27; 45%), vomiting (n=27; 45%), excessive thirst (n=26; 43%) and altered mental status (n=17; 28%) were the most common presenting symptoms. In a smaller number of patients (n=9; 15%) with deep acidosis, grave electrolyte disturbances were detected in a form of both hyper and hypokalemia. In 97% of our patients, we've identified bad glycemic regulation as the main factor predisposing the occurence of DKA. Further patient education and consciousness-raising of the potential acute and chronic complications of diabetes as well as the importance of regular and adequate engagement in therapeutic processes are the key elements in the improvement of treatment outcomes and minimizing the number of severe complications.

• Keywords: dijabetička ketoacidoza; DKA; šećerna bolest; DM; dijabetes tip 1; tahikardija; glikemija
• Keywords (english): diabetic ketoacidosis; DKA; diabetes mellitus; DM; type 1 diabetes; tachykardia; glycemia
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:879035
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Public note: Pohranitelj objekta unio ključne riječi.
• Created on: 2021-02-26 08:20:25