Sarkoidoza srca

master's thesis

• Title (english): Cardiac sarcoidosis
• Author: Marko Lovrić
• Mentor: Martina Lovrić Benčić (mentor)
• Committee member: Mislav Puljević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Boško Skorić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Martina Lovrić Benčić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-07-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Sarkoidoza je idiopatska sistemska bolest koju karakterizira stvaranje granuloma u različitim organima. Glavni organi koji su zahvaćeni su pluća i limfatično tkivo, ali može zahvatiti bilo koji organ u tijelu. Najveća incidencija bolesti je između 35 i 50 godine kod oba spola. Između 1 i 23% pacijenata sa sistemnom sarkoidozom ima srčanu manifestaciju. Stvaranje nekazeoznih granuloma u sarkoidozi posredovano je imunološkim odgovorom na neki nepoznati antigen. Najčešći simptomi uključuju dispneju, kronični kašalj i neke opće simptome poput umora, gubitka kilograma i visoke temperature. Srčana sarkoidoza može pokazati obje krajnosti, može biti asimptomatska ili se može manifestirati kao iznenadna srčana smrt zbog smrtonosnih oblika aritmija. Najčešća manifestacija su abnormalnosti provođenja, poput kompletnog AV bloka i AV bloka 1. stupnja. Potvrda bolesti vrši se biopsijom zahvaćenog organa i isključivanjem drugih uzroka nastanka granuloma. Srčana sarkoidoza najbolje se dijagnosticira pomoću 18F-FDG PET metode ili MRI snimanja s gadolinijem. Najčešće korišteni lijekovi u liječenju sarkoidoze su kortikosteroidi i drugi imunosupresivni lijekovi. Srčana sarkoidoza obično zahtijeva neko specifično liječenje, poput implantacije srčanog stimulatora ili radiofrekventne ablacije granuloma. Zaključno, svrha ovog rada bila je prepoznati srčanu sarkoidozu kao potencijalni uzrok srčanih poremećaja posebno u mladih pacijenata, iako je to rijetka bolest.

Abstract (english)

Sarcoidosis is an idiophatic systemic disease which is characterized with formation of granuloma in various organs. The main organs which are affected are lungs and lymphatic tissue, but it can affect any organ in the body. The peak onset of the disease is between 35 and 50 years in both sexes. Between 1 to 23 % of patients with systemic sarcoidosis have a cardiac manifestation. The formation of non caseating granuloma in sarcoidosis is mediated by imunological response to some unknown antigen. The most common symptoms include dsypnea, chronic cough and some general symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss and high fever. Cardiac sarcoidosis can show both extremes, it can be asymptomatic or it can manifest as a sudden cardiac death due to deadly forms of arrhythmias. The most common manifestation are conduction abnormalities such as complete AV block and 1. degree AV block. Disease confirmation is done by biopsy of affected organ and by excluding other cause of granuloma formation. Cardiac sarcoidosis is best diagnosed with PET CT scan or gadolinium enhanced MRI scan. Most used drug in sarcoidosis treatment are corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive drugs . Cardiac sarcoidosis usually requires some specific treatment such as implantation of cardiac pacemaker or radiofrequent ablation of the granulomas. In conclusion, the purpose of this paper was to acknowledge the cardiac sarcoidosis as a potential cause of heart problems especially in young patients even though its a rare disease.

• Keywords: sarkoidoza; 18F-FDG PET; AV blok; kortikosteroidi
• Keywords (english): sarcoidosis; 18F-FDG PET; AV block; corticosteroids
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:592131
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-03-09 12:13:41