Tissue engineering and future directions in regenerative medicine for knee cartilage repair: a comprehensive review

Scientific paper - Review paper

• Author: Dragan Primorac
• Author: Vilim Molnar
• Author: Dimitrios Tsoukas
• Author: Ilona Uzieliene
• Author: Carlo Tremolada
• Author: Petar Brlek
• Author: Emil Klarić
• Author: Dinko Vidović
• Author: Marija Zekušić
• Author: Jolita Pachaleva
• Author: Eiva Bernotiene
• Author: Adrian Wilson
• Author: Ali Mobasheri
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Surgery)
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Surgery

Abstract (english)

This review evaluates the current landscape and future directions of regenerative medicine for knee cartilage repair, with a particular focus on tissue engineering strategies. In this context, scaffold-based approaches have emerged as promising solutions for cartilage regeneration. Synthetic scaffolds, while offering superior mechanical properties, often lack the biological cues necessary for effective tissue integration. Natural scaffolds, though biocompatible and biodegradable, frequently suffer from inadequate mechanical strength. Hybrid scaffolds, combining elements of both synthetic and natural materials, present a balanced approach, enhancing both mechanical support and biological functionality. Advances in decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds have shown potential in promoting cell infiltration and integration with native tissues. Additionally, bioprinting technologies have enabled the creation of complex, bioactive scaffolds that closely mimic the zonal organization of native cartilage, providing an optimal environment for cell growth and differentiation. The review also explores the potential of gene therapy and gene editing techniques, including CRISPR-Cas9, to enhance cartilage repair by targeting specific genetic pathways involved in tissue regeneration. The integration of these advanced therapies with tissue engineering approaches holds promise for developing personalized and durable treatments for knee cartilage injuries and osteoarthritis. In conclusion, this review underscores the importance of continued multidisciplinary collaboration to advance these innovative therapies from bench to bedside and improve outcomes for patients with knee cartilage damage.

• Keywords (english): Cartilage, Articular / injuries; Cartilage, Articular / physiology; Genetic Therapy / methods; Genetic Therapy / trends; Humans; Knee Injuries / surgery; Knee Injuries / therapy; Regeneration; Regenerative Medicine / methods; Regenerative Medicine / trends; Tissue Engineering / methods; Tissue Scaffolds
• Language: english
• Publication type: Scientific paper - Review paper
• Publication status: Published
• Peer review: Peer review
• Publication version: Published version
• Journal title: Croatian Medical Journal
• Numbering: vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 268-287
• p-ISSN: 0353-9504
• e-ISSN: 1332-8166
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3325/cmj.2024.65.268
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:128639
• Publication: 2024
• Document URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11157252/
• Type of resource: Text
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-08-26 08:26:58