Distalna epifizeoliza palčane kosti

master's thesis

• Title (english): Distal radius epiphysiolysis
• Author: Abdulah Chouehne
• Mentor: Anko Antabak (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivan Dobrić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Meštrović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anko Antabak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Surgery); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Surgery

Abstract

Prijelom distalnog dijela palčane kosti najčešći je prijelom u dječjoj dobi. Pri prijelomu može doći do prijeloma epifize radijusa – epifizeolize. U 4 – 5 % slučajeva epifizeoliza može rezultirati poremećajem rasta palčane kosti u duljinu te trajnim estetskim i funkcionalnim defektima. Najčešći mehanizam nastanka ove ozljede je pad na ispruženu ruku. Dijagnoza se postavlja anamnezom, fizikalnim pregledom i rentgenskim snimanjem. Liječi se imobilizacijom ako nema pomaka. U suprotnom provodi se operativno liječenje – zatvorena repozicija i imobilizacija pod općom anestezijom. Teži slučajevi liječe se otvorenom repozicijom i unutarnjom fiksacijom, pomoću Kirschnerove žice ili vijka.
Ovo retrospektivno istraživanje uključilo je 180 pedijatrijskih pacijenata, s prijelomom distalnog dijela palčane kosti liječenim u KBC-u Zagreb. Cilj istraživanja bio je prikazati uzroke prijeloma distalnog dijela palčane kosti u djece, s osvrtom na uzroke epifizeolize distalnog radijusa. Studija je obuhvatila 125 dječaka (68,68 %) i 57 djevojčica (31,32 %). Tri je velikih skupina uzroka prijeloma: pad, ozljeda u prometu i udarac. U prvoj, najvećoj, skupini najviše se djece ozlijedilo padom u razini, i to tijekom igre ili pri sportu. Ozljeda u prometu najčešće je uzrokovana tijekom vožnje bicikla. U trećoj, najmanjoj, skupini udarac je obično zadobiven djelovanjem lopte. Epifizeoliza distalnog radijusa evidentirana je u 61 slučaju (33,89 %). Uzroci epifizeolize po svojoj su učestalosti jednaki gore navedenima. Većina djece liječena je zatvorenom repozicijom i imobilizacijom pod općom anestezijom.
Preventivnim djelovanjem mogu se spriječiti dugoročne posljedice prijeloma distalnog radijusa i epifizeolize distalnog radijusa. Poznavanje uzroka preduvjet je preventivnom djelovanju.

Abstract (english)

Distal radius fracture is the most frequent fracture among children. Distal radius epiphysiolysis can occur in such a fracture. In 4 to 5 % epiphysiolysis may result in growth disturbances, leading to permanent aesthetic and functional flaws. It is diagnosed by history, physical examination and X-ray imaging. It is treated with immobilization, in case a displacement exists. Otherwise, an operation consisting of closed reduction and immobilization under general anaesthesia is needed. Severe cases are treated with open reduction and internal fixation, using a Kirschner wire or a screw.
This retrospective study included 180 minor patients that were diagnosed with distal radius fracture and treated in University Hospital Centre Zagreb. The aim of this research was to analyse the causes of distal radius fractures, as well as the causes of distal radius epiphysiolysis. The study included 125 boys (68,68 %) and 57 girls (31,32 %). There are three major groups of fracture causes: a fall, a traffic-related injury and a blow. In the first, largest group the majority of children injured themselves by falling on the same level during sports or play. Traffic-related injuries were mostly caused during cycling. In the third, smallest group the blow was usually caused by a ball. Distal radius epiphysiolysis was diagnosed in 61 cases (33,89 %). The aetiology of epiphysiolyses is identical to those mentioned above. Most of the children were treated with closed reduction and immobilization under general anaesthesia.
Preventive action is needed in order to avoid permanent consequences of distal radius fractures and distal radius epiphysiolysis. The awareness of causes of these injuries is a prerequisite to preventing them from happening.

• Keywords: palčana kost; prijelom distalnog radijusa; distalna epifizeoliza palčane kosti; djeca; uzrok
• Keywords (english): radius; distal radius fracture; distal radius epiphysiolysis; children; cause
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:305061
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-06-29 08:00:52