Stratifikacija rizika i terapija sinkope

master's thesis

• Title (english): Syncope - risk stratification and therapy
• Author: Luka Perčin
• Mentor: Davor Puljević (mentor)
• Committee member: Martina Lovrić-Benčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasenka Markeljević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Davor Puljević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Sinkopa je simptom koji označava prolazan gubitak svijesti uzrokovan cerebralnom hipoperfuzijom. Susreće se često kao problem pacijenata na odjelima hitne pomoći te je uzrokom 1% - 6% svih prijema u bolnicu. Procjenjuje se da u SAD–u godišnji trošak zbog hospitalizacije povezane sa sinkopom iznosi čak 2.4 milijarde $.
Iako je sinkopa najčešće uzrokovana benignim stanjem, u podlozi može biti ozbiljna srčana bolest koja je u stanju dovesti do ozbiljnih komplikacija pa i nagle srčane smrti. Osim toga, pad kvalitete života zbog učestalih ozljeda tijekom padova, posebice kod starijih, predstavlja značajan zdravstveni problem. Iz tih razloga iznimno je važno prepoznati pacijente koje treba odmah zaprimiti u bolnicu zbog opasnosti od komplikacija i fatalnog ishoda od onih kod kojih nema takvih opasnosti. Upravo to je uloga stratifikacije rizika sinkope. Smatra se da se, korištenjem standardiziranih smjernica za stratifikaciju rizika, zaprimanja u bolnicu mogu reducirati za 52% bez znatnijeg rizika od nastanka kardiovaskularnog incidenta.
Glavni ciljevi liječenja sinkope su produžiti život, spriječiti ponovne napadaje sinkope, ograničiti fizičke ozljede i samim time poboljšati kvalitetu života.
Budući da je sinkopa simptom uzrokovan širokim spektrom poremećaja, samim time je i terapija raznolika. Ovisno o etiologiji ona se može sastojati samo od adekvatnog unosa soli i tekućine pa sve do ugradnje kardioverter defibrilatora. Sve to ukazuje na iznimno značajnu ulogu stratifikacije rizika i ciljane dijagnostike za efikasno liječenje sinkope.

Abstract (english)

Syncope is a symptom that indicates transient loss of consciousness caused by cerebral hypoperfusion. It is a frequent problem that leads patients to emergency departments and is the cause of 1% - 6% of all hospital admissions, moreover it is estimated that the annual cost of hospitalization associated with syncope amounts to $ 2.4 billion in USA. Although syncope is most often caused by a benign condition, the substrate can be a serious heart disease, which is able to lead to serious complications and even sudden cardiac death. In addition, the decline in quality of life due to frequent injuries during falls, particularly in the elderly, is a major health problem. For these reasons, it is important to identify patients who should be immediately admitted to the hospital because of the risk of complications and fatal outcome of those where there is no such danger. This is precisely the role of risk stratification of syncope. It is believed that the use of standardized guidelines for risk stratification, can reduce hospital admissions by 52% without significant risk of cardiovascular incidents. The main goals of treatment of syncope are prolonging life, prevent recurrences of syncope, limit physical injuries and thus improve the quality of life. Since syncope is symptom caused by a wide spectrum of disorders, the therapy is diverse also. Depending on the etiology it can consist of an adequate intake of salt and fluids up to the implantation of cardioverter defibrillator. All these facts emphasize the extremely important role of risk stratification and targeted diagnostic for effective treatment of syncope.

• Keywords: sinkopa; stratifikacija rizika; kardiovaskularni incident
• Keywords (english): syncope; risk stratification; cardiovascular incident
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:394612
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-07-10 09:06:43