Usporedba konvencionalne površinske elektormiografije i komercijalno dostupne mišićne narukvice za površinsku elektromiografiju s osvrtom na moguću kliničku primjenu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Comparison of conventional surface electromyography and commercially available surface electromyography muscle cuff with a review of possible clinical uses
• Author: Neven Obradović-Kuridža
• Mentor: Ivan Bohaček (mentor)
• Committee member: Tomislav Smoljanović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zdravko Petanjek (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivan Bohaček (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-07-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Basic Medical Sciences; Anatomy

Abstract

Mišići i živci u ljudskom tijelu predstavljaju izvor električne energije. Promjene toka električne energije unutar poprečno-prugastih mišića se mogu bilježiti uz pomoć elektromiografije (EMG). Pritom razlikujemo iglenu EMG i površinsku elektromiografiju (eng. surface electromyography (SEMG)). Iglena EMG i SEMG su dijagnostički postupci koji pomažu liječniku utvrditi boluje li pacijent od miopatskog ili neuropatskog poremećaja. U ovom preglednom diplomskom radu je najprije detaljno objašnjena fiziološka podloga procesa mišićne kontrakcije. Potom je opisan način kojim senzori elektromiografskog uređaja bilježe i pretvaraju promjene toka električne energije u mišiću u slikovni prikaz. Ovaj rad opisuje prednosti i nedostatke iglene EMG i SEMG te indikacije i mogućnosti kliničke primjene istih. Nadalje, opisane su suvremene smjernice za pravilno postavljanje elektroda na površinu kože. Također su opisane i potencijalne primjene SEMG u kliničkom radu. Kao alternativno rješenje konvencionalnom SEMG, predstavljen je komercijalno dostupan elektromiograf, MyoArmband SEMG uređaj proizvođača Thalmic Labs Inc. (Kitchener, Ontario, Kanada). Objašnjene su njegove glavne prednosti i nedostatci, a navedene su i objavljene studije koje nastoje dokazati primjenjivost navedenog uređaja u klinici. Predložene su i potencijalne kliničke primjene u kojima bi se MyoArmband SEMG uređaj koristio u terapijske i dijagnostičke svrhe. Među njima najviše potencijala ima rehabilitacija biološkom povratnom spregom (eng. biofeedback) i kvalitativno mjerenje mišićnog umora te mjerenje latencije nastanka mišićne kontrakcije. Možemo zaključiti kako MyoArmband SEMG uređaj, kao i sama metoda SEMG ima veliki potencijal kliničke primjene. Primjerice, budući da je uređaj neinvazivan, populacija pedijatrijskih pacijenata imala bi velike koristi od potencijalne rehabilitacije biološkom povratnom spregom.

Abstract (english)

Muscles and nerves of the human body represent a source of electric energy. Changes in the electric current inside the skeletal muscle can be detected using electromyography (EMG). EMG can be differentiated into needle EMG and surface electromyography (SEMG). Needle EMG and SEMG are both diagnostic methods. They help the clinician to determine whether a patient is being affected by a myopathic or a neuropathic disorder. In this paper, the physiology of the muscular contraction process is firstly explained in detail. Later on, the process of how the EMG sensors register and convert the electric current produced within the muscle into a graphic report are explained as well. Furthermore, this paper describes both the advantages and disadvantages of EMG and SEMG. Also, the indications and the properties of these diagnostic methods in a clinical setting are described. This paper also describes the current guidelines for the correct placement of SEMG electrodes on the skin. In addition, several new potential clinical applications for SEMG are described. A commercially available SEMG, the MyoArmband SEMG sensor (Thalmic Labs Inc., Kitchener, Ontario, Canada), is introduced in this paper and represented with its' advantages and disadvantages. Publications concerning the MyoArmband SEMG sensor which support the aforementioned advantages are further discussed. Later, potential clinical applications which tend to prove the therapeutic and diagnostic uses of the MyoArmband SEMG sensor are presented. Among these, biofeedback therapy together with qualitative measurement of muscle fatigue and contraction emergence latency measurement seem to have the best perspective. Altogether, this device, as well as SEMG procedure in general, hold great perspective for clinical use. Due to the non-invasive nature of the device application, paediatric patients would merely benefit from such biofeedback therapy.

• Keywords: elektromiografija; akcijski potencijal; biofeedback; elektrode; MyoArmband
• Keywords (english): electromyography; action potential; biofeedback; electrodes; MyoArmband
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:169708
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-04-05 11:08:46