Genitalne HPV infekcije u trudnoći

master's thesis

• Title (english): Genital HPV infections in pregnancy
• Author: Karla Kovačević
• Mentor: Suzana Ljubojević Hadžavdić (mentor)
• Committee member: Mihael Skerlev (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Romana Čeović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Suzana Ljubojević Hadžavdić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Dermatology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Dermatovenerology

Abstract

Humani papiloma virusi (HPV) su mali, epitelotropni DNK virusi. Dosadašnji podaci ukazuju na postojanje više od dvjesto genotipova virusa, od kojih oko četrdeset uzrokuje infekcije genitalnog područja. S obzirom na onkogeni potencijal, razlikujemo genotipove visokog (HPV 16, HPV 18) i genotipove niskog rizika (HPV 6, HPV 11). Genitani HPV najčešće se prenosi kontaktom s inficiranom kožom ili sluznicom. Ostali načini prijenosa uključuju neizravni kontakt s kontaminiranim predmetima te autoinokulaciju. HPV uzrokuje različite promjene genitalne regije poput kondiloma, intraepitelnih neoplazija i invazivnih karcinoma crviksa, vulve, penisa ili anusa. Ne postoji suglasnost vezana uz prevalenciju HPV-a tijekom trudnoće, pa ona varira među različitim zemljama između 5.5% do 65%. Vertikalni prijenos HPV-a označava mogućnost prijenosa HPV-a s majke na dijete tijekom trudnoće. Do peri-konceptualnog prijenosa HPV DNA dolazi u vrijeme fertilizacije, dok se prenatalni prijenos događa isključivo za vrijeme trudnoće. No, većina HPV infekcija novorođenčadi nastaje perinatalnim prijenosom tijekom poroda. Globalna incidencija anogenitalnih kondiloma u trudnoći iznosi između 11.6% do 28.2%. Oni predstavljaju rizik od kontaminacije novorođenčeta HPV-om tijekom poroda. Porastom učestalosti pojavljivanja anogenitalnih kondiloma u odraslih uočen je i usporedni porast incidencije anogenitalnih kodiloma u djece. HPV u djece može uzrokovati i rekurentnu respiratnornu papilomatozu koju karakterizira nastajanje multiplih papiloma glasnica. Rijetko dolazi do totalne opstrukcije dišnog puta ili progresije u karcinom.

Abstract (english)

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are small, epitheliotropic DNK viruses. More than two hundred different HPV genotypes are known today, from which around forty types cause genital infection. According to their oncogenic potential viruses are divided in high-risk HPV genotypes (HPV 16, HPV 18) and low-risk genotypes (HPV 6, HPV 11). Genital HPV is most frequently transmitted through contact with infected skin or mucous membranes. Other routes of transmission are via contaminated fomites and autoinoculation. HPV causes genital warts, intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinoma of cervix, vulva, penis or anus. There is no consensus regarding the prevalence of HPV during pregnancy, so it varies in different countries between 5.5% to 65%. Potential route of HPV transmission from mother to child during pregnancy is known as vertical transmission. Periconceptual transmission of HPV DNA occurs during fertilization, while prenatal transmission happens only during pregnancy. Most infant HPV infections occur via perinatal transmission during delivery. Global incidence of anogenital warts in pregnancy is between 11.6% and 28.2%. Anogenital warts increase the risk of infant HPV contamination during delivery. As incidence of anogenital warts increased in adults, increased incidence was also reported in children. HPV can cause recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in children, a disease characterized with laryngeal papillomatosis. In rare cases, total obstruction of airway or progression in carcinoma can occur.

• Keywords: HPV; trudnoća; prijenos HPV u trudnoći
• Keywords (english): HPV; pregnancy; routes of transmission of HPV in pregnancy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:450091
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-12-27 12:21:59