Autoimuni encefalitisi

master's thesis

• Title (english): Autoimmune encephalitides
• Author: Mirta Šašić
• Mentor: Nina Barišić (mentor)
• Committee member: Mario Ćuk (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marija Jelušić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nina Barišić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Pediatrics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Neurology
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Pediatrics

Abstract

Autoimuni encefalitisi skupina su poremećaja koji se prezentiraju različitim kliničkim slikama – epileptičnim napadajima, psihijatrijskim poremećajima i poremećajima ponašanja, pokreta i autonomnog živčanog sustava. Ovisno o protutijelima nađenim u bolesnikovu nalazu cerebrospinalnog likvora, autoimune encefalitise možemo podijeliti u 3 grupe: encefalitisi uzrokovani protutijelima na površinske antigene membrane, encefalitisi uzrokovani protutijelima na antigene sinapse i encefalitisi uzrokovani protutijelima na intracelularne antigene. Za ispravnu dijagnozu encefalitisa potrebno je provesti detaljnu dijagnostičku obradu uključujući testiranje na protutijela, MR mozga, EEG i lumbalnu punkciju. Veliki postotak autoimunih encefalitisa paraneoplastične je etiologije i iz tog razloga neophodno je sve pacijente dijagnostički obraditi u svrhu traženja moguće neoplazme. Što ranije uvođenje imunoterapije (kortikosteroidi, intravenski imunoglobulini, plazmafereza, rituksimab i ciklofosfamid) i liječenje maligne tvorbe, ukoliko ona postoji, povećavaju vjerojatnost boljeg ishoda pacijenta. Uspješnost liječenja različita je i ovisi o tipu autoimunog encefalitisa od kojeg pacijent boluje. Relapsi bolesti se pojavljuju u određenom broju bolesnika i tada se u liječenje uvode rituksimab i ciklofosfamid.

Abstract (english)

Autoimmune encephalitides (AIE) are disorders characterized by various clinical manifestations – seizures, psychiatric and behavioral symptoms, movement disorders and autonomic disturbances. Depending on which type of antibodies are detected in the patient's cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), AEI are divided into three groups: those with antibodies to the cell surface proteins, those with antibodies to synaptic proteins and those with antibodies to intracellular antigens. Autoantibody testing, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) , electroencephalography (EEG) and lumbar puncture are very important for the proper diagnosis of AIE. Many forms of AIE are paraneoplastic, therefore, all patients should be screened for tumors. Early immunotherapy (corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange, rituximab and cyclophosphamide) improves patient outcome, as well as the treatment of the underlying malignancy. Rates of treatment success vary among different types of AEI. Some patients tend to relapse and then they are usually treated with second-line therapy.

• Keywords: autoimuni; encefalitis; imunoterapija; paraneoplastično
• Keywords (english): autoimmune; encephalitis; paraneoplastic; immunotherapy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:482661
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-01-02 08:57:17