Upala donjih dišnih puteva uzrokovana respiratornim sincicijskim virusom u djece starije od dvije godine

master's thesis

• Title (english): Lower respiratory tract inflammation caused by the respiratory syncytial virus in children over two years of age
• Author: Stipe Ćavar
• Mentor: Goran Tešović (mentor)
• Committee member: Dalibor Vukelić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Josip Begovac (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Goran Tešović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Infectious Diseases); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Infectology

Abstract

Respiratorni sincicijski virus jedan je od najvažnijih uzročnika infekcije donjih dišnih puteva u dojenčadi i male djece. Javlja se svake godine u obliku većih ili manjih epidemija, koje se u umjerenom klimatskom pojasu vremenski poklapaju sa zimom i ranim proljećem, a rasprostranjen je po čitavom svijetu. Pojava epidemija praćena je povećanim brojem hospitalizacija dojenčadi i male djece. Infekcija pogađa sve dobne skupine, a posebno su ugrožena mala djeca do druge godine života, imunokompromitirani i starije osobe. Većina djece preboli primoinfekciju do navršene druge godine života, međutim zbog izrazite antigenske varijabilnosti virusa reinfekcije su česte tijekom života, ali u puno blažem obliku. Klinički se infekcija u male djece očituje bronhitisom, bronhiolitisom ili pneumonijom, pri čemu je dominatna dijagnoza bronhiolitisa. U starije djece i odraslih prezentira se kao blaža infekcija gornjih dišnih puteva. Zlatni standard za dokazivanje RSV infekcije danas je PCR metoda. Budući da još ne postoji etiološko liječenje infekcije, koristi se suportivno liječenje te pasivna profilaksa monoklonskim protutijelom palivizumabom za populaciju pod rizikom. Još uvijek se traga za cjepivom koje bi spriječilo razvoj bolesti te zaštitilo ugroženu populaciju.

Abstract (english)

Respiratory syncytial virus is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. It appears every year either as big or small epidemics, which, in the moderate climate belt, correlate with winter and early spring time. The outbreak of epidemics is associated with higher hospitalization rates in infants and young children. The infection affects all age groups, but children up to two years of age, the immunocompromised and the elderly are at highest risk. Most children overcome the primary infection up until the age of two, however, due to the significant antigenic variability of the virus, reinfections can occur throughout the whole life period, with the disease being milder than in infancy. Among the younger children the infection is clinically manifested as bronchitis, bronchiolitis or pneumonia, with bronchiolitis as the dominant diagnose. In older children and adults the infection will manifest as a mild upper respiratory tract infection. Nowadays, the golden standard in the diagnosis of RSV is PCR. Due to the non-existence of etiological treatment, supportive therapy and passive prophylaxis with monoclonal antibody palivizumab are used for the population at risk. There are still efforts to produce an appropriate vaccine that would prevent the development of the disease and thus protect the population at risk.

• Keywords: respiratorni sincicijski virus; PCR; palivizumab; populacija pod rizikom
• Keywords (english): respiratory syncytial virus; PCR; palivizumab; population at risk
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:433331
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-01-16 10:14:06