Transgeneracijski prijenos alkoholizma

master's thesis

• Title (english): Transgenerational transmission of alcoholism
• Author: Tvrtko Žarko
• Mentor: Zrnka Kovačić Petrović (mentor)
• Committee member: Neven Henigsberg (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dražen Begić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zrnka Kovačić Petrović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Psychiatry

Abstract

Alkoholizam je bolest ovisnosti koja pogađa pojedinca, njegovu okolinu i društvo u cjelini. Zbog važnosti obitelji u nastanku, održavanju i liječenju ovisnosti, alkoholizam se smatra obiteljskom bolesti. Neurobiološki, psihološki i socio-kulturološki čimbenici važni su u razvoju alkoholizma. Njihov se utjecaj može promatrati i na razini obitelji. Pozitivna obiteljska anamneza alkoholizma povezana je s većim rizikom za razvoj alkoholizma i s većom težinom problema s alkoholom. Važnost genetskih čimbenika u razvoju alkoholizma ispitivana je istraživanjima provedenim na obiteljima u kojima je alkoholizam prisutan, istraživanjima na blizancima i istraživanjima na posvojenoj djeci. Takva istraživanja generalno potvrđuju važnu ulogu genetskih čimbenika u razvoju alkoholizma. Na postojeću genetsku predispoziciju za razvoj alkoholizma djeluju različiti čimbenici okoline. Utjecaj okoline može dodatno povisiti rizik za razvoj alkoholizma, ali i djelovati protektivno. Takav je utjecaj vidljiv već prenatalno, pri čemu je izloženost alkoholu tijekom trudnoće povezana s povećanim rizikom za razvoj alkoholizma. Određene crte ličnosti predstavljaju rizični čimbenik i psihološku vulnerabilnost za razvoj alkoholizma. Razumijevanje uloge različitih čimbenika u razvoju alkoholizma bitno je i iz praktičnih razloga. Preventivne mjere usmjerene na potomke obitelji opterećenih alkoholizmom mogu smanjiti rizik za pojavu alkoholizma kod tih osoba. Alkoholizam ostavlja izravne i neizravne posljedice na sve članove obitelji, zbog čega je u terapiju bitno uključiti cijelu obitelj. Takva terapija je povezana s boljim ishodima.

Abstract (english)

Alcoholism is an addictive disease which affects an individual, his surroundings and society in whole. Alcoholism is considered as a family disease because of the importance of the family in development, maintenance and treatment of the addiction. Neurobiological, psychological and socio-cultural factors are important in the development of alcoholism. Their influence can be observed on the family level. Positive family history for alcoholism is associated with the higher risk for the development of alcoholism and the more severe form of alcoholism. The importance of genetic factors in the development of alcoholism has been studied through studies of families affected by alcoholism, twin studies and adoption studies. The general conclusion of those studies is that genetic factors have an important role in the development of alcoholism. This genetic predisposition to alcoholism is affected by the environmental factors. Environmental effects can both increase the risk for development of alcoholism and act as a protective factor. These effects can be observed in the prenatal period. Exposure to alcohol during the pregnancy is associated with higher risk for the development of alcoholism. Certain personality traits represent the risk factor and psychological vulnerabilty for the development of alcoholism. It is important to understand the role of the various factors in the development of alcoholism for the practical reasons. Preventive measures directed toward descendants of alcoholic families can decrease the risk for the development of alcoholism in those people. It is important to include the whole family in the treatment, because alcoholism leaves direct or indirect consequences on every member of the family. This kind of therapy is associated with better outcomes.

• Keywords: transgeneracijski prijenos; alkoholizam; neurobiološki čimbenici; psihološki čimbenici; socijalni čimbenici
• Keywords (english): transgenerational transmission; alcoholism; neurobiological factors; psychological factors; social factors
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:543019
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-01-16 13:07:00