Dijatoterapijske intervencije kod uspostave cirkadijalnog ritma

master's thesis

• Title (english): Nutritional theraphy intervention in the re-establishment of cyrcadian rhythm
• Author: Ivana Lukić
• Mentor: Donatella Verbanac (mentor)
• Committee member: Željko Krznarić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasenka Markeljević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Donatella Verbanac (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Cirkadijalni ritam je ciklička izmjena određene biološke funkcije s trajanjem jednog ciklusa oko 24 sata. Veliki broj čovjekovih fizioloških i patofizioloških funkcija pokazuje dnevne varijacije. Cirkadijalni ritmovi su postojani i u potpuno stalnim vanjskim uvjetima, a to pokazuje da ih reguliraju neki mehanizmi unutar organizma (tzv. biološki satovi). Cirkadijalni oscilatori prisutni u središnjem živčanom sustavu i perifernim tkivima sisavaca osjetljivi su na okolišne faktore poput izmjene svjetla i tame odnosno vremena uzimanja hrane. U globalnoj kapitalističkoj ekonomiji modernog doba sve veći broj ljudi izložen je nekom obliku smjenskog rada, odnosno noćnom radu te čestim putovanjima kroz različite vremenske zone što dugoročno dovodi do disrupcije prirodnog cirkadijalnog ritma koja može dovesti do kroničnih poremećaja poput metaboličkog sindroma koji predstavlja veliki rizik za razvoj dijabetesa i kardiovaskularnih bolesti. Talijanska studija provedena na medicinskim sestrama i tehničarima pokazala je veću incidenciju metaboličkog sindroma u onih koji rade noćne smjene u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu koja radi isključivo preko dana. Također studije provedene na uzorku ispitanika iz populacije osoba koje rade smjenski/noćni rad pokazale su veću incidenciju karcinoma prostate, kolona i dojke (Haus & Smolensky, 2006). Potencijalna rješenja nude se u okviru kronobiologije, znanstvene discipline koja proučava biološke ritmove (Tahara&Shibata, 2014). Uz nju se razvila kronodijetetika prema kojoj se usklađuje ritam obroka s unutrašnjim neuroendokrinim ritmovima organizma. Prema tome, nije bitan samo sadržaj hrane nego i podudarnost vremena uzimanja hrane s prirodnim funkcioniranjem cirkadijalnog sustava. Poštujući načela kronobiologije, dijetoterapijske intervencije mogu utjecati na uspostavu ravnoteže, samim time i prevenirati štetne učinke kronodisrupcije.

Abstract (english)

The circadian rhythm is the cyclical fluctuation of certain biological functions with cycle duration of about 24 hours. A large number of human physiological and pathophysiological functions exhibit daily variations. Circadian rhythms are stable also under completely constant external conditions, and this fact leads to the conclusion that they are regulated by a mechanism within the body (the so-called “biological clock”). Circadian oscillators present in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues of mammals are susceptible to environmental factors such as the light/dark shift or feeding. Today “capitalist” economy exposes an increasing number of people to shift work or night shifts, as well as frequent travels through different time zones, which, in the long run, leads to a disruption of the natural circadian rhythm. This can lead to chronic disorders such as the metabolic syndrome, which is a major risk factor for the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. An Italian study conducted among nurses and medical technicians showed a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome in those who work night shifts compared to the control group that works exclusively during the day. Studies conducted among people who work in shifts and during the night have also shown a higher incidence of prostate, colon and breast cancer. (Haus & Smolensky, 2006) Potential solutions are offered as part of chronobiology, a scientific discipline that studies biological rhythms. (Tahara&Shibata, 2014) Another discipline, chrono-nutrition, synchronizes the feeding rhythm with the internal neuroendocrine rhythm of the body. The importance lies therefore not only in the structure of the food, but also in the synchronization of feeding times with the natural functioning of the circadian system. By following the principles of chronobiology, medical nutrition therapy may affect stablishing the balance, and thus prevent the harmful effects of this “chronodisruption”.

• Keywords: cirkadijalni ritam; cirkadijalni oscilatori; sinkronizacija; kronodijetetika; dijetoterapija
• Keywords (english): circadian rhythm; circadian oscillators; synchronization; chrono-nutrition
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:491806
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2015-10-22 09:46:23