Maligne karakteristike tumorskih matičnih stanica

master's thesis

• Title (english): Malignant properties of cancer stem cells
• Author: Vanja Cvijić
• Mentor: Filip Sedlić (mentor)
• Committee member: Maja Sirotković Skerlev (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasenka Markeljević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Filip Sedlić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Pathophysiology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Pathophysiology
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Oncology

Abstract

Maligni tumori su jedna od najučešćih bolesti modernoga doba. U Hrvatskoj svaka četvrta osoba oboli od nekoga oblika maligne bolesti. U liječenju malignih tumora koristimo najčešće kirušku terapiju, kemoterapiju (citostatike), hormonsku terapiju, imunoterapiju i radioterapiju. Usprkos svim tim metodama i visoko razvijenim protokolima liječenja recidivi tumora su česti. Povratak tumora nakon određene terapije najvjerojatnije potječe od zaostalih tumorskih stanica koje nisu uklonjene liječenjem. Jedna od ključnih karakteristika tumora je velika raznolikost tumorskih stanica za koju se vjeruje da je nastala mutacijama i klonskom ekspanzijom pojedinih tumorskih stanica. Rezistencija tumora na ne-kirurške oblike liječenja se upravo pripisuje pojedinim podpopulacijama tumorskih stanica. Terapijska intervencija može djelovati kao selekcijski čimbenik čiji je rezultat ekspanzija rezistentnih klonova. Povrh toga, povratak bolesti nakon terapije može se objasniti i postojanjem posebne podpopulacije tumorskih stanica koje se nazivaju tumorske matične stanice (eng. cancer stem cells ili CSC). Tumorske matične prepoznate su u onkologiji kao važna ciljna. U radu će biti prikazane osnovne karakteristike tumorskih i ne-tumorskih matičnih stanica. Prikazat ću i kratki razvoj modela tumorskih matičnih stanica te pojasniti njihove osnovne karakteristke i ulogu u razumjevanju povrata bolesti i rezistencije na kemoterapeutike. Kratko ću prikazati osnovne markere ovih stanica te potencijalne mete za djelovanje kemoterapeutika. Također ću raspraviti i o važnosti nastavka istraţivanja tumorskih matičnih stanica u svrhu prevladavanja izazova na putu ka uspješnom liječenju onkoloških bolesnika.

Abstract (english)

Cancer is one of the most common diseases of the modern era. In Croatia every fourth person is diagnosed with some form of cancer. In treating cancer most common therapeutic approaches are surgical therapy, chemotherapy, hormonal
therapy, immunotherapy and radiotherapy. Even though we have all these methods and highly developed protocols for cancer treatment, relapse often occurs. Relapse after certain therapy approach is more likely to be caused by some cancer cells which have not all been eradicated by treatment. Almost all tumors are composed of a heterogeneus cell population, making them difficult to treat. A small cell subpopulation called cancer stem cells (CSCs) with a low proliferation rate and high tumorigenic potential is thought to be responsible for cancer development, metastasis and resistance to therapy. Cancer stem cells have been recognized as a major target cell population in oncology in recent years, and considerable effort has been made to identify novel CSC markers and target expression profiles as well as to measure the response of these cells to various targeted drugs as curative cancer therapy is effective only when a cancer stem cell subpopulation is completley eradicated. This thesis will discuss main characteristics of normal and cancer stem cells and the role of CSC in tumor relapse and resistance to standard chemotherapy protocols. I will also write about the evolution of the CSC model, potential new therapy targets and the importance of continuing the research on CSCs in order to overcome the challenges to sucessfully treating oncological patients.

• Keywords: matične stanice; tumorske matične stanice; maligni tumor; karcinogeneza; recidiv
• Keywords (english): stem cells; cancer stem cells; CSC; cancer; carcinogenesis; relapse
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:815191
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Public note: Pohranitelj objekta dodao ključne riječi.
• Created on: 2019-03-14 11:28:59