Klinički pregled lokomotornog sustava u reumatskim bolestima

master's thesis

• Title (english): Clinical examination of locomotor system in rheumatic conditions
• Author: Katarina Ivandić
• Mentor: Porin Perić (mentor)
• Committee member: Nadica Laktašić Žerjavić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasenka Markeljević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Porin Perić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Physical Medicine and General Rehabilitation); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Abstract

Reumatske bolesti nalaze se među vodećim zdravstvenim problemom u svijetu i to prvenstveno zbog svog utjecaja na radnu i funkcionalnu sposobnost. Među najčešćim su razlozima posjeta liječniku kod osoba srednje i starije dobi. Postoji čitav niz patofizioloških mehanizama na temelju kojih su zasnovane različite klasifikacije reumatskih bolesti, no pravi uzrok većeg dijela ovih bolesti još uvijek je nepoznat. Bez obzira na klasifikaciju, sve skupine ovih bolesti dominantno zahvaćaju lokomotorni sustav. Lokomotorni sustav pruža stabilnost i mobilnost tijela, a osnovnu građu čine mišićne i koštane strukture. Bolesti lokomotornog sustava su obilježene s boli, jutarnjom ukočenošću, oteklinom, ograničenim pokretima, slabošću i umorom. Bol je česti znak reumatski bolesti i jedan od glavnih razloga zbog koji se bolesnik obraća liječniku. Klinički pregled u reumatskim bolestima obuhvaća dvije osnovne kliničke vještine: anamnezu i fizikalni pregled koji obuhvaća pregled hoda, kralježnice, gornjih i donjih udova. Glavne metode pri pregledu pojedinog zgloba su: inspekcija, palpacija, pasivni i aktivni test opsega pokreta, test mišićne snage i neurološki status. Pregled započinje anamnezom i općim internističkim pregledom, zatim slijedi detaljan pregled svih dijelova lokomotornog sustava i završava s procjenom funkcionalne sposobnosti bolesnika. S obzirom na to da ove bolesti zahvaćaju radnu populaciju važna je rana dijagnoza i odgovarajuća terapija kako bi spriječili teške komplikacije, poboljšali funkcionalnost i produžili radnu sposobnost.

Abstract (english)

Rheumatic diseases are among the leading health problems in the world, primarily because of their impact on working and functional abilities. There is a whole range of pathophysiological mechanisms on the basis of which different classifications of rheumatic diseases are based, but the real cause of most of these diseases is still unknown. Regardless of the classification, all groups of these diseases primarily affect the locomotor system. The basic structure of locomotor system consists of muscles and bone structures which provide stability and mobility of the body. Diseases of the locomotor system are characterized by pain, morning stiffness, swelling, limited movements, weakness and fatigue. Pain is a common sign of rheumatic diseases and one of the most common reasons for visiting a doctor. Clinical examination in rheumatic diseases includes two basic clinical skills: a history and a physical examination covering the examination of walk, spine, upper and lower limbs. The main methods for the examination of each joint are: inspection, palpation, passive and active range of motion assessment, muscle strength test and neurological status. The examination begins with a history and a general examination, then follows a detailed examination of all parts of the locomotor system and ends with an assessment of the functional ability of the patient. Since these diseases affect the working population, an early diagnosis and appropriate therapy are very important to prevent severe complications, improve functionality and prolong working ability.

• Keywords: reumatske bolesti; lokomotorni sustav; klinički pregled
• Keywords (english): rheumatic diseases; locomotor system; clinical examination
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:807109
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-02-17 15:43:52