Uloga infekcija u multiploj sklerozi

master's thesis

• Title (english): The role of infections in multiple sclerosis
• Author: Vinka Kugelman
• Mentor: Mario Habek (mentor)
• Committee member: Barbara Barun (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Darija Mahović Lakušić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mario Habek (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Neurology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Neurology

Abstract

Multipla skleroza je kronična upalna i neurodegenerativna bolest središnjeg živčanog sustava nepoznate etiologije. Smatra se da je uzrokuje autoimuni proces koji nastaje zbog složenog međudjelovanja čimbenika okoliša i genetske predispozicije pojedinca. Mnogo je dokaza koji idu u prilog tome kako infekcije imaju važnu ulogu u patogenezi ove bolesti, kao i u patogenezi drugih autoimunih bolesti. Moguće objašnjenje uloge infekcija u razvoju autoimunosti daje tzv. higijenska hipoteza. Iako se mnoge infekcije dovode u vezu s multiplom sklerozom, zasad nijedna nije prihvaćena kao uzročni čimbenik. Infektivni uzročnik za koji danas postoji najviše dokaza da ima ulogu u njezinom nastanku je Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Osim EBV-a, od virusa se još spominju i humani herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) i humani endogeni retrovirusi (HERW). Nadalje, u vezu s multiplom sklerozom se još dovode i bakterije poput C. pneumoniae i H. pylori, za koju se smatra da bi mogla imati zaštitni učinak. U zadnje se vrijeme sve više govori i o crijevnom mikrobiomu i parazitima ne samo kao čimbenicima koji sudjeluju u nastanku autoimunosti, već i kao mogućim terapijskim mjerama. Otkrivanjem novih čimbenika rizika i boljim poznavanjem patogeneze multiple skleroze povećava se vjerojatnost njezinog uspješnog sprječavanja i liječenja.

Abstract (english)

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system of unknown aetiology. It is thought to be an autoimmune disease caused by complex interactions between environmental factors and genetic susceptibility. Several lines of evidence suggest that infections play an important role in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases as well. A possible explanation of the role of infections in autoimmunity is provided by hygiene hypothesis. Many infectious agents are associated with multiple sclerosis. However, to date, no single pathogen has been accepted as a causal agent. Infectious agent that has the strongest association with multiple sclerosis is Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Other viruses such as human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and human endogenous retroviruses (HERW) are also associated with multiple sclerosis, as are bacteria C. pneumoniae and H. pylori. H. pylori might be a protective factor. Gut microbiome and parasites appear to play significant roles in autoimmunity and may have potential applications as therapeutic agents. Identification of new risk factors and an improved understanding of pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis will surely aid the development of prevention and new treatment options.

• Keywords: multipla skleroza; infekcija; higijenska hipoteza; autoimunost; Epstein-Barr virus
• Keywords (english): multiple sclerosis; infection; hygiene hypothesis; autoimmunity; Epstein-Barr virus
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:071822
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-04-28 12:08:14