Etiopatogeneza i liječenje kongenitalne katarakte

master's thesis

• Title (english): Etiopathogenesis and treatment of congenital cataract
• Author: Karmen Bradvica
• Mentor: Miro Kalauz (mentor)
• Committee member: Damir Katušić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Jukić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Miro Kalauz (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Ophthalmology

Abstract

Kongenitalna katarakta je zamućenje leće koja je prisutno pri rođenju ili se razvija neposredno nakon. Može biti jednostrana ili obostrana. Neki od uzroka nastanka kongenitalne katarakte uključuju nasljedne poremećaje, metaboličke bolesti, infekcije, reakcije na lijekove i traumu. U većine pacijenata se uzrok ne može pronaći. Kongenitalne katarakte su rijetke, ali čine jedan od najčešćih uzroka oštećenja vida kod djece. Očna leća fokusira svjetlo na mrežnicu, osiguravajući stvaranje jasne slike. Katarakta blokira sliku koja bi inače došla do mrežnice. Tijekom prvih godina života, jasna slika je potrebna kako bi se vidni putevi u mozgu normalno razvili. Neke kongenitalne katarakte slabo oštećuju razvoj vida i nikad se ne razvije potreba za operacijom. Ako je katarakta veća, može značajno utjecati na razvoj vida i u nekim slučajevima može dovesti do ireverzibilnog oštećenja ako nije liječena. U većini slučajeva, najbolja metoda liječenja podrazumijeva uklanjanje leće. Jednom kad se leća ukloni, potrebna je optička korekcija kontaktnim lećama ili naočalama. Sve se češće u mlađe djece koriste intraokularne leće.

Abstract (english)

A congenital cataract is an opacity of the lens of the eye that is present at birth or develops shortly after. It can be unilateral or bilateral. Some of the causes of congenital cataract include inherited disorders, metabolic diseases, infections, drug reactions and trauma. In most patients no cause can be find. Congenital cataracts are rare, but are one of the most common causes of visual impairment in children. The eye lens focuses light onto the retina, allowing a clear image to be formed. A cataract blocks the image that would normally reach the retina. During the first years of life, a clear image is required in order for the vision pathways in the brain to develop normally. Some congenital cataracts impair visual development only to a small degree and may never require surgery. If the cataract is larger, it can affect visual development in a significant way and in some cases can lead to an irreversible vision loss if not treated. In most cases, removal of the lens by surgery is the most effective treatment. Once the lens is removed, optical correction with a contact lens or glasses is usually necessary. Intraocular lenses are becoming more common in young children.

• Keywords: kongenitalna katarakta; oštećenje vida; operacija; optička korekcija
• Keywords (english): congenital cataract; visual impairment; surgery; optical correction
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:198939
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2015-11-05 10:03:03