Selektivni manjak imunoglobulina A u djece oboljele od šećerne bolesti tip 1

master's thesis

• Title (english): Selective immunoglobulin A deficiency in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
• Author: Lucija Batur
• Mentor: Nevena Krnić (mentor)
• Committee member: Duška Tješić-Drinković (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marija Jelušić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nevena Krnić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Pediatrics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-24, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Pediatrics

Abstract

Imunološki sustav nužan je za obranu organizma od stranih antigena, kao i za očuvanje integriteta organizma i održavanje homeostaze. Kako bi adekvatno ispunjavao te uloge, nužna je normalna funkcija njegovih izvršnih krakova, odnosno humoralne i stanične imunosti. Jedno od glavnih obilježja imunološke reakcije jest prepoznavanje vlastitog od tuđeg, odnosno raspoznavanje stranih antigena. Kako bi imunološki sustav bio u mogućnosti razlučiti tuđe od vlastitog, nužna je adekvatna regulacija imunološke reakcije i razvitak imunološke tolerancije na vlastita tkiva i organe. Brojni su patogenetski mehanizmi koji dovode do dokidanja imunološke tolerancije i posljedičnog gubitka sposobnosti raspoznavanja vlastitih antigena, što dovodi do pokretanja izvršnih mehanizama imunološkog sustava i posljedičnog razvoja autoimunosti, koja može i ne mora biti klinički manifestna. Selektivni manjak imunoglobulina A (IgA) poremećaj je proizvodnje imunoglobulina klase A, a etiološki i patogenetski se povezuje s brojnim autoimunim bolestima u dječjoj i odrasloj dobi, uključujući i dijabetes tipa 1. Autoimuni dijabetes melitus tipa 1 uzrokovan je destrukcijom beta stanica Langerhansovih otočića te posljedičnim manjkom inzulina. Klinička slika selektivnog manjka IgA uključuje povećanu učestalost infekcija, alergija i atopijskih poremećaja te pridruženih autoimunih bolesti. Selektivni manjak IgA i dijabetes melitus tipa 1 dijele istu genetsku predispoziciju i patofiziološki mehanizam nastanka te imaju veću učestalost istovremene pojavnosti. Iako za sada nema pokazatelja kako prisutnost manjka IgA u oboljelih od dijabetes melitusa tip 1 utječe na morbiditet i metaboličku regulaciju bolesti, potrebno je dugoročno praćenje na većim skupinama bolesnika kako bi se procijenio potencijalni negativni učinak selektivnog manjka IgA.

Abstract (english)

The immune system is necessary to defend the body against foreign antigens, as well as to preserve the integrity of the body and maintain homeostasis. To adequately fulfill these roles, the normal function of its executive arms, ie humoral and cellular immunity, is necessary. One of the main features of an immune reaction is the recognition of one's own from another's, that is, the recognition of foreign antigens. For the immune system to be able to distinguish others from its own, it is necessary to adequately regulate the immune response and develop immune tolerance to one's tissues and organs. Numerous pathogenetic mechanisms lead to the abolition of immune tolerance and the consequent loss of the ability to recognize one's antigens, leading to the activation of immune system executive mechanisms and the consequent development of autoimmunity, which may or may not be clinically manifest. Selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency is a disorder of class A immunoglobulin production and is etiologically and pathogenetically associated with several autoimmune diseases in children and adults, including type 1 diabetes. Autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by destruction of islet Langerhans beta cells and consequent insulin deficiency. The clinical picture of selective IgA deficiency includes an increased incidence of infections, allergies and atopic disorders, and associated autoimmune diseases. Selective IgA deficiency and type 1 diabetes mellitus share the same genetic predisposition and pathophysiological mechanism of development and have a higher frequency of concomitant occurrence. Although there is currently no indication that the presence of IgA deficiency in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus affects morbidity and metabolic regulation of the disease, long-term follow-up of more patients is needed to assess the potential negative effect of selective IgA deficiency.

• Keywords: imunološki sustav; imunološka tolerancija; autoimunost; selektivni manjak IgA; dijabetes melitus tipa 1
• Keywords (english): immune system; immune tolerance; autoimmunity; selective IgA deficiency; type 1 diabetes
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:036438
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-03-23 09:45:13