Skup mjera u prevenciji urirarnih infekcija povezanih s upotrebom urinarnog katetera

master's thesis

• Title (english): Care bundles for preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections
• Author: Kornelija Petir Bratuša
• Mentor: Zrinka Bošnjak (mentor)
• Committee member: Ana Budimir (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Goran Tešović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zrinka Bošnjak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014-09-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Medical Microbiology

Abstract

Urinarne infekcije povezane sa upotrebom urinarnog katetera su najĉešći tip infekcija povezanih sa zdravstvenom skrbi, uzrokujući produţeni boravak bolesnika u bolnici i znaĉajno povećanje troškova zdravstvenih ustanova. Stoga su uvedene mnoge preventivne mjere kako bi umanjile rizik razvoja tih infekcija.
Kateterizacija mokraćnoga mjehura je rutinski postupak kojim se omogućava drenaţa urina. Kod većine bolesnika to je jednostavan postupak koji zbog mogućih popratnih komplikacija zahtijeva standardiziran pristup i provedbu. Najĉešća komplikacija vezana uz kateterizaciju je urinarna infekcija, koja sa sobom donosi znaĉajan morbiditet i mortalitet (1).
Urinarne infekcije su infekcije lokalizirane na bilo kojem dijelu mokraćnog sustava (2). Oko 75% bolniĉki steĉenih urinarnih infekcija je povezano s primjenom urinarnog katetera (3).
Najvaţniji faktor rizika za razvoj urinarnih infekcija povezanih sa upotrebom katetera je produljena primjena urinarnog katetera. Nakon 30 dana kateterizacije bakteriurija se nalazi u skoro svih bolesnika s trajnim urinarnim kateterom (4).
Urinarne infekcije su primjer infekcija vezanih uz invazivna pomagala, ali su isto tako primjer infekcija povezanih sa zdravstvenom skrbi koje se mogu sprijeĉiti. Rizik od infekcije povezan je s naĉinom kateterizacije, kvalitetom skrbi o kateteru i osjetljivosti domaćina (5). Urinarni kateter treba uvoditi aseptiĉnom tehnikom, koristeći sterilan pribor te se strogo pridrţavati naĉela asepse tijekom cijelog postupka. Potrebno je naglasiti vaţnost dokumentiranja svih postupaka vezanih uz kateterizaciju i sustav odvodnje urina te dati bolesniku adekvatne informacije u vezi nuţnosti uvoĊenja, odrţavanja i uklanjanja katetera (5).
Primjenom skupa mjera (snop skrbi) u prevenciji urinarnih infekcija povezanih sa urinarnim kateterom, koji ukljuĉuju optimalno korištenje katetera, s posebnim naglaskom na kontinuiranu procjenu i uklanjanje katetera što je prije moguće, smanjuje se uĉestalost urinarnih infekcija vezanih uz kratkotrajnu i dugotrajnu kateterizaciju.

Abstract (english)

Urinary tract infections associated with the use of urinary catheter are the most common type of healthcare-associated infections, causing an extended length of stay of patients and significantly increase the cost of health care institutions. Therefore, they introduced many preventive measures to reduce the risk of developing these infections.
Bladder catheterization is a common procedure that allows drainage of urine. For most patients, it is a simple procedure because of potential associated complications requires a standardized approach and implementation. The most common complication associated with catheterization is urinary tract infection, whit significant morbidity and mortality (1).
Urinary tract infections can be localized on any part of the urinary tract (2). About 75% of hospital-acquired urinary tract infections are associated with the use of a urinary catheter (3). The most important factor of risk for the development of urinary tract infections associated with the use of a catheter is prolonged use of urinary catheters. After 30 days of catheterization bacteriuria is present in almost all patients with an indwelling catheter (4).
Urinary tract infections are examples of infections associated with invasive devices, but are also an example of healthcare associated infections that can be prevented. The risk of infection is associated with the type of catheterization, the quality of care for catheter and susceptibility of the host (5). Urinary catheter should be implemented using aseptic technique, sterile equipment and strictly comply to the principles of asepsis throughout the procedure. It is necessary to emphasize the importance of documenting all procedures related to catheterization and urine drainage system and provide the patient with adequate information regarding the necessity of implementation, maintenance and removal of the catheter (5).
Application of a set of measures (care bundle) in the prevention of urinary tract infections associated with the use of urinary catheter, including optimal use of catheter, with special focus on continuous assessment and removing the catheter as soon as possible, may reduce the incidence of urinary tract infections associated with short-term and long-term catheterization.

• Keywords: urinarna infekcija; urinarni kateter; prevencija; skup mjera
• Keywords (english): urinary tract infection; urinary catheter; prevention; set of measures
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:116986
• Study programme: Title: Studies in Nursing; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra sestrinstva (magistar/magistra sestrinstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2015-11-06 11:02:22