Radiološka dijagnostika akutnog moždanog udara

master's thesis

• Title (english): Radiological diagnostics of acute stroke
• Author: Martina Smoljo
• Mentor: David Ozretić (mentor)
• Committee member: Marko Radoš (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Milan Radoš (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: David Ozretić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Radiology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-07-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Radiology

Abstract

Moždani udar je sindrom koji najčešće nastaje kao posljedica poremećaja cirkulacije u sklopu cerebrovaskularnih bolesti. To je
hitno stanje koje zahtijeva brzu liječničku intervenciju. Treći je po redu uzrok smrti odraslih u svijetu, te vodeći uzrok onesposobljenosti. Simptome moždanog udara mogu oponašati i neka druga stanja kao što tumori, apscesi, upalna stanja, migrene ili epileptički napadi. No i kada se utvrdi postojanje moždanog udara potrebno je razlučiti radi li se o ishemiji ili hemoragiji jer je liječenje znatno drugačije. Ishemija koja čini većinu moždanih udara može se kauzalno liječiti u prvih 4,5 do 6 sati, ovisno o nalazu radiološke obrade. Definiranje ishemične penumbre od ključne je važnosti u selekciji pacijenata pogodnih za trombolitičku terapiju. Glavnu ulogu u tome imaju napredne CT i MR tehnologije poput PWI ili DWI, kao i CTP. CT je dijagnostički standard kod detekcije netraumatske intracerebralne hemoragije, a MR subakutnih i kroničnih krvarenja. Ovaj rad donosi pregled dijagnostičkih metoda koje sudjeluju u dijagnostičkom algoritmu ishemijskog i hemoragijskog moždanog udara te subarahnoidalnog krvarenja.

Abstract (english)

Stroke is a syndrome that most often occurs as a result of circulatory disorders as part of cerebrovascular diseases. It is an emergency that requires prompt medical intervention. It is the third leading cause of adult death in the world, and the leading cause of disability. The symptoms of a stroke can be mimicked by other conditions such as tumors, abscesses, inflammatory conditions, migraines or epileptic seizures. However, even when the presence of a stroke is determined, it is necessary to distinguish whether it is ischemia or hemorrhage because the treatment is significantly different. Ischemia, which accounts for most strokes, can be treated causally in the first 4.5 to 6 hours, depending on the findings of radiological processing. Defining an ischemic penumbra is crucial in the selection of patients suitable for thrombolytic therapy. Advanced CT and MR technologies such as PWI or DWI, as well as CTP, play a major role in this. CT is the diagnostic standard in the detection of nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, and MR of subacute and chronic bleeding. This paper provides an overview of diagnostic methods involved in the diagnostic algorithm of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

• Keywords: akutni moždani udar; napredne CT i MR tehnologije; ishemija; ICH; SAH
• Keywords (english): acute stroke; advanced CT and MR technologies; ischemia; ICH; SAH
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:177249
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-04-15 07:28:29