Komunikacijske teškoće i kvaliteta života osoba s oštećenjem sluha

professional thesis

• Title (english): Communication difficulties and quality of life of a person with a hearing impairment
• Author: Jasenka Broz Frajtag
• Mentor: Jagoda Doko-Jelinić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-09-08, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Otorhinolaryngology

Abstract

Uvod: Komunikacijske teškoće koje nastaju zbog oštećenja sluha izravno utječu na kvalitetu
života. Teškoće u komunikaciji mogu rezultirati u odstupanjima u emocionalnom i socijalnom
razvoju te mogu imati značajan utjecaj na kvalitetu života svakog čovjeka. -----
Cilj Procijeniti komunikacijske vještine i kvalitetu života osoba s oštećenim sluhom s
obzirom na stupanj oštećenja sluha, kao i socijalne i emocionalne teškoće s kojima se susreću. -----
Ispitanici i metode: Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 50 ispitanika s oštećenjem sluha u dobi od 25
do 55 godina koji dolaze na redovitu kontrolu sluha u Klinici za bolesti uha, nosa i grla i
kirurgiju glave i vrata uha, KBC Zagreb. Anamnestičkim pregledom, uvidom u postojeću
medicinsku dokumentaciju i rezultate provedenih dijagnostičkih postupaka dobiveni su opći
podaci, podaci o mogućem uzroku oštećenja sluha, vremenu nastanka oštećenja, trajanju
oštećenja, načinu komuniciranja u obitelji i okolini, kvaliteti života za svakog ispitanika. Za
ispitivanje socijalnih i emocionalnih teškoća osoba s oštećenim sluhom korišten je HHIA
upitnik, a SF36 upitnik za ispitivanje kvalitete života. -----
Rezultati: Najveći broj ispitanika ima gubitak sluha na oba uha, koji se prema klasifikaciji
ubraja u umjerenu nagluhost. Ispitivanje razabirljivosti riječi frekvencijski i intenzitetski
izbalansirane i standardne brzine pokazali su da većina ispitanika bolje razumije riječi koje
upotrebljavaju u svakodnevnoj komunikaciji, teže su razumjeli riječi koje sadrže skupine
konsonanata „dn“, „pr“ i „št“. jer se po čestotnosti rjeđe koriste u našem jeziku i imaju
relativno nisku razinu jezične kompetencije. Samoprocjena kvalitete života povezane sa
zdravljem je najlošija u domeni zdravlja koja opisuju vitalnost, mentalno zdravlje i percepciju
općeg zdravlja. HHIA upitnik i u socijalnoj i emocionalnoj domeni značajno razlikuje
pojedine razine slušnog praga u svim promatranim frekvencijama te na oba uha. -----
Zaključak: Teškoće u komunikaciji mogu rezultirati u odstupanjima u emocionalnom i
socijalnom razvoju te mogu imati značajan utjecaj na kvalitetu života svakog čovjeka.
Redovite kontrole sluha i pravovremena dijagnoza s rehabilitacijom pridonose poboljšavanju
razumijevanja govora a time i bolju funkcioniranju u svakodnevnom životu što je uspješni
čimbenik u rješavanju daljnjih emocionalnih, socijalnih i psiholoških uvjeta. Uz suvremena
slušna pomagala osobe s oštećenjem sluha postižu poboljšanje u razumijevanju govora i bolju
kvalitetu života.
Zbog modernog načina života i sve većeg broja čimbenika koji mogu dovesti do oštećenja
sluha potrebno je provoditi preventivne mjere, kako bi se spriječilo oštećenja sluha.

Abstract (english)

Introduction: Communication difficulties arising from damage to hearing directly affect
quality of life. Difficulties in communication may result in deviations in the emotional and
social development and can have a significant impact on the quality of life of every person. -----
Objective: To evaluate the communication skills and the quality of life of people with hearing
impairments with regard to the degree of hearing impairment, as well as social and emotional
difficulties they face. -----
Patients and Methods: The study will include 50 patients with hearing loss at the age of 25-
55 years who came to regular hearing control at the Clinic for diseases of the ear, nose and
throat and head and neck surgery in the period from 2012. to 2015. years. Medical history
review, examining the existing medical records and the results of the diagnostic procedures
will be the general data, the possible cause of hearing damage, when the damage occured,
lasting duration, mode of communication in the family and the environment, the quality of life
for each subject. Test for the social and emotional difficulties of people with hearing
impairments will be used HHIa questionnaire, and SF36 questionnaire assessing quality of
life. -----
Results: Most of the respondents have hearing loss in both ears, which have been classified as
one of the moderate hearing losses. Testing distinction of words frequency and intensity
balanced at standard rate showed that most respondents understand the words that are used in
everyday communication, the harder they understood the words that contain a group of
consonants "dn", "pr“ and "št" because the frequency of less frequently used in our language
and have relatively low levels of language competence. Self-assessment of quality of life
related to health is the worst in the field of health that reflect the vitality, mental health and
general health perception. HHIa questionnaire and the social and emotional domain differs
significantly individual auditory threshold levels in all of the observed frequencies and in both
ears. -----
Conclusion: Difficulties in communication may result in deviations in the emotional and
social development and can have a significant impact on the quality of life of every person.
Regular checks of hearing and timely diagnosis contribute to improvement of speech
understanding and therefore better functioning in everyday life as a successful factor in
resolving further emotional, social and psychological conditions. With modern hearing aids
hard of hearing people achieve improvement in speech understanding and a better quality of
life. Due to modern lifestyles and the increasing number of factors that can cause hearing loss is
necessary to carry out preventive measures to prevent hearing damage.

• Keywords: oštećenje sluha; komunikacija; kvaliteta života
• Keywords (english): hearing loss; communication; quality of life
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:197210
• Study programme: Title: Public health; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate specialist; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra javnog zdravstva (sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra javnog zdravstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-04-23 12:23:28