Neuralgije

master's thesis

• Title (english): Neuralgias
• Author: Matea Bračić
• Mentor: Darija Mahović Lakušić (mentor)
• Committee member: Fran Borovečki (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mario Habek (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Darija Mahović Lakušić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Neurology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-07-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Neurology

Abstract

Neuralgije obuhvaćaju brojne bolne sindrome koji su karakterizirani neuropatskim bolom. Taj se pojam također koristi pri imenovanju pojedinih specifičnih bolnih sindroma. Neuralgije pogađaju sve veći broj ljudi, stoga je važno znati osnovne činjenice o njihovoj kliničkoj slici, dijagnostici i terapiji. Kranijalne neuralgije su bolni sindromi koji se javljaju u području glave i vrata. U trećem izdanju Međunarodne klasifikacije poremećaja glavobolje opisuje se dvanaest različitih entiteta koji se odnose na bolne lezije kranijalnih živaca i ostale bolove lica. Najčešće kranijalne neuralgije su trigeminalna, glosofaringealna i okcipitalna neuralgija. Patofiziološki mehanizmi u podlozi ovih neuralgija još nisu sasvim razjašnjeni, a etiologija također često ostaje nepoznata. Kliničku sliku karakterizira kratkotrajan, oštar i ponavljajući bol koji ometa svakodnevno funkcioniranje bolesnika. Uz bol mogu se pojaviti i drugi popratni simptomi koji ponekad upućuju na osnovni uzrok bola. Dijagnoza se postavlja s obzirom na kliničku prezentaciju bolesti, a dodatne dijagnostičke metode uključuju radiološke slikovne metode i elektrofiziološke pretrage. Preklapanje kliničke slike i lokalizacije bola te pojava nespecifičnih popratnih simptoma može uzrokovati diferencijalno-dijagnostičke dileme. Terapijske opcije su raznolike i često je potrebno upotrijebiti više različitih metoda za adekvatno liječenje bola. Cilj ovog preglednog rada je prikazati najčešće kranijalne neuralgije, odnosno njihovu kliničku prezentaciju, relevantne dijagnostičke metode i terapijski pristup.

Abstract (english)

Neuralgias include numerous pain syndromes which are characterised by neuropathic pain. This term is also used to name certain specific pain syndromes. Neuralgias affect an increasing number of people. Therefore, it is important to know basic facts about their clinical presentation, diagnostics and therapy. Cranial neuralgias are pain syndromes which occur in the head and neck area. Twelve different entities referring to painful lesions of the cranial nerves and other facial pain are described in the third edition of The International Classification of Headache Disorders. The most common cranial neuralgias are trigeminal, glossopharyngeal and occipital neuralgia. The pathophysiological mechanisms behind these neuralgias are not entirely clear and the etiology often remains unknown as well. The clinical presentation is characterised by short, sharp and recurrent pain which interferes with the patient's daily functioning. The pain can also be accompanied by other symptoms, which sometimes point to its underlying cause. The diagnosis relies on the clinical presentation of the illness and additional diagnostic methods include radiological imaging techniques and electrophysiological tests. The overlapping of clinical presentation and pain localisation, as well as non-specific accompanying symptoms can cause dilemmas in differential diagnosis. Therapeutic options are diverse and it is often necessary to use a variety of different methods for adequate pain management. The goal of this review is to present the most common cranial neuralgias, i.e. their clinical presentation, relevant diagnostic methods and therapeutic approach.

• Keywords: neuralgije; kranijalne neuralgije; trigeminalna neuralgija; glosofaringealna neuralgija; okcipitalna neuralgija; dijagnostika; liječenje
• Keywords (english): neuralgias; cranial neuralgias; trigeminal neuralgia; glossopharyngeal neuralgia; diagnosis; treatment
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:419597
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-08-30 08:28:32