Procjena suicidalnog rizika u hitnoj službi

master's thesis

• Title (english): Assessment of suicidal risk in emergency department
• Author: Marina Katavić
• Mentor: Marina Šagud (mentor)
• Committee member: Martina Rojnić Kuzman (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dražen Begić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marina Šagud (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-07-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Psychiatry
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Emergency Medicine

Abstract

Samoubojstvo je ogroman javnozdravstveni problem. Ono je čin dobrovoljnog i namjernog samouništenja. Postoji više klasifikacija i terminologija koje ističu kako suicidalnost podrazumijeva široki spektar ponašanja od samoozljeđivanja, misli, planova, pokušaja do izvršenja suicida. Postoji dosta zabluda vezanih za suicidalnost koje rezultiraju neadekvatnim zbrinjavanjem takvih pacijenata. Poznato je da je većina počinitelja samoubojstva u godini dana prije počinjenja sucida posjetilo liječnika, kao i da pacijenti u hitnoj službi često imaju izražene čimbenike suicidalnog rizika. Stoga se razvija svijest o potrebi bolje edukacije osoblja i razvoja univerzalnog probira za suicidalnost. Procjena rizika podrazumijeva ponajviše klinički intervju u kojem se pacijenta izravno pita o potencijalnoj sucidalnosti. Često uključuje i primjenu različitih metoda i skala. Najčešće istraživane ljestvice jesu Beckova ljestvica beznadnosti, Beckov inventar depresivnosti, Beckova ljestvica suicidalne ideacije, Ljestvica suicidalne namjere i SAD PERSONS skala. Međutim, nisu se pokazale u potpunosti pouzdane u procjeni rizika suicidanog ponašanja. Razvijaju se i nove metode uključujući psihološke te neurokognitivne testove, kao i procjena na temelju podataka iz elektroničkog medicinskog zapisa čime se nastoji objektivizirati procjena i dobiti nove alate koji bi uspješno na neizravan način procjenili suicidalni rizik pojedinca. Još uvijek se traži općeprihvaćena metoda procjene. Treba imati na umu da pravilno provedena procjena rizika ima i terapijski učinak, kao i da se većina suicida može spriječiti.

Abstract (english)

Suicide is a huge public health problem. It is an act of voluntary and deliberate self-distruction. There are several classifications and terminologies that point out that suicidality implies a wide range of behaviors from self-harm, thoughts, plans, attempted and committed suicide. There are many misconceptions about suicidality that result in inadequate care for such patients. It is known that a year before the suicide, most people visited a doctor, as well as that patients in the emergency department often have pronounced risk factors for suicide. Therefore, there is awareness about the need for better staff education and the development of a universal screening for suicide. Risk assessment involves mostly a clinical interview in which the patient is directly asked about potential suicidality. It often involves the application of different methods and scales.
The most commonly used scales are the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation, the Suicide Intent Scale and the SAD PERSONS Scale. However, they are not completely reliable in assessing the risk of suicidal behavior. New methods are being developed, including psychological and neurocognitive tests, as well as the assessment based on data from electronic medical records, which seeks to objectify assessment and obtain new tools that would successfully, though indirectly, assess an individual’s suicidal risk. A generally accepted method of assessment is still unknown. One should know that a properly conducted risk assessment has a therapeutic effect and that most suicides can be prevented.

• Keywords: suicidalnost; rizični čimbenici; procjena; hitna služba
• Keywords (english): suicidality; risk factors; assessment; emergency
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:151992
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-08-31 12:56:00