Early nutrition and future atopic diseases in children

master's thesis

• Title (croatian): Povezanost prehrane u ranoj dobi s kasnim razvojem atopijskih bolesti u djece
• Author: Katy Sue Jerčinović
• Mentor: Irena Senečić-Čala (mentor)
• Committee member: Irena Senečić-Čala (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Duška Tješić-Drinković (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marija Jelušić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Pediatrics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-07-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Pediatrics

Abstract

The increase in the prevalence of atopic diseases in the developed world is becoming an increasing problem. Exclusive breastfeeding in early life has been associated with a reduction of incidence of atopic disorders, largely because breastmilk has the ability to shape the composition of the infant gut microbiome and the development of the immune system. The mother's breastmilk transmits elements of her own microbiome and immune responses, and also provides specific prebiotics to support growth... More of beneficial bacteria. It is important to evaluate the role of genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors that contribute to disease development. Exposure to allergens through a disrupted skin barrier in combination with nutritional factors in individuals with a genetic predisposition may lead to the development of allergic diseases. Early environmental, microbial and dietary exposures may influence the development of the immune system by epigenetic mechanisms. The ability of the microbiome to act as an epigenetic modulator has been recently demonstrated by the observation of epigenetic DNA modifications after exposure to microbial antigens in immature human cells from intestinal epithelia. The interactions between early nutrition, microbiome and the epigenome during the early phases of human development are very complex and incompletely understood. Better elucidation of the protective bioactive components of breastmilk and the impact of intestinal microbial composition on the epigenome could lead to new targets for the treatment and prevention of allergic disease. Less

Abstract (croatian)

Povećavanje prevalencije atopijskih bolesti u razvijenom svijetu postaje sve veći problem. Isključivo dojenje u ranom životu, povezano je sa smanjenjem učestalosti atopijskih poremećaja, uglavnom zato što majčino mlijeko ima sposobnost oblikovanja sastava mikrobioma crijeva novorođenčadi i razvoja imunološkog sustava. Majčino mlijeko prenosi elemente vlastitog mikrobioma i imunoloških odgovora, a također pruža posebne prebiotike kao potporu rastu korisnih bakterija. Važno je procijeniti ulogu... More načina života te genetskih i okolišnih čimbenika koji doprinose razvoju bolesti. Izloženost alergenima kroz poremećenu kožnu barijeru u kombinaciji s prehrambenim čimbenicima kod osoba s genetskom predispozicijom može dovesti do razvoja alergijskih bolesti. Rana izloženost okolišu, mikrobima i prehrani može utjecati na razvoj imunološkog sustava epigenetskim mehanizmima. Sposobnost mikrobioma da djeluje kao epigenetski modulator nedavno je prikazana promatranjem epigenetskih modifikacija DNA nakon izlaganja mikrobnim antigenima u nezrelim ljudskim stanicama iz crijevnog epitela. Interakcije između rane prehrane, mikrobioma i epigenoma tijekom ranih faza ljudskog razvoja vrlo su složene i ne u potpunosti razumljive. Bolje objašnjenje zaštitnih bioaktivnih sastojaka majčinog mlijeka i utjecaj crijevnog mikrobiološkog sastava na epigenome, moglo bi dovesti do novih ciljeva u liječenju i sprječavanju alergijskih bolesti. Less

• Keywords: nutrition; children; atopic diseases; allergens; breastmilk; breastfeeding
• Keywords (croatian): prehrana; djeca; atopijske bolesti; alergeni; majčino mlijeko; dojenje
• Language: english
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:261086
• Study programme: Title: Medicine (in English language); Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Public note: Pohranitelj objekta unio ključne riječi.
• Created on: 2021-10-06 08:18:46