Biljne droge s halucinogenim i psihostimulirajućim učincima

master's thesis

• Title (english): Herbal drugs with hallucinogenic and psychostimulant effects
• Author: Gorana Lekić
• Mentor: Miroslav Herceg (mentor)
• Committee member: Dubravka Kalinić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dražen Begić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Miroslav Herceg (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-07-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Psychiatry

Abstract

Čovječanstvo od pamtivijeka poznaje i koristi biljke i njihove derivate u svakodnevnom životu. Kulturološki i religijski obredi drevnih naroda redovito su uključivali seanse s raznoraznim napicima ili jelima u kojima bi glavno farmakološko djelovanje imala upravo određena biljna komponenta koja je služila za postizanje nekog cilja, npr. dostizanje transa u šamanističkim ritualima ili poboljšanje psihofizičkih sposobnosti na visokim nadmorskim visinama. Ljudi su iskustvenim spoznajama donosili zaključke o blagodatima raznovrsnih biljaka koje su pronalazili u svom podneblju i prenosili znanje s koljena na koljeno. Upravo zbog ove činjenice je kulturološki aspekt veoma važan u smislu očuvanja tradicije, ali u novije vrijeme do izražaja sve više dolaze istraživanja koja ukazuju na veliki potencijal pojedinih biljnih vrsta ili njihovih izolata u medicinske svrhe. Ovdje se posebno osvrćem na psihijatrijske indikacije. Niz istraživanja potvrđuje teze o antidepresivnim i anksiolitičkim učincima pojedinih biljnih halucinogena kao što su npr. amazonski napitak ayahuasca ili psilocibinske gljive, popularno još poznate i kao „lude gljive“. Osim toga, zasigurno smo svi u životu barem jednom popili kavu kako bi nas „digla“, a ovo je samo jedan od najeklatantnijih primjera čovjekove upotrebe psihostimulansa biljnog podrijetla u svrhu podizanja kako kognitivnog tako i fizičkog kapaciteta. Najveći problem u modernoj znanosti predstavljaju zakonske regulative koje često ne idu na ruku istraživačima te je teško uopće provesti istraživanja na većem broju ljudi koja bi imala odjeka u široj javnosti i na taj način promijenila neka uvriježena negativna mišljenja.

Abstract (english)

From time immemorial, mankind has known and used plants and their derivatives in everyday life. Cultural and religious rites of ancient peoples regularly included sessions with a variety of drinks or meals in which the main pharmacological action would have a specific herbal component that served to achieve a goal, such as achieving trance in shamanistic rituals or improving psychophysical abilities at high altitudes. People have drawn conclusions about the benefits of the various plants they have found in their climate experientially and passed on knowledge from generation to generation. Precisely because of these facts, the cultural aspect is very important in terms of preserving tradition. However, in modern times, more and more research is emerging that indicates the great potential of certain plant species or their isolates for medical purposes. Here I pay special attention to psychiatric indications. A number of studies confirm the theses on the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of certain plant hallucinogens, such as the Amazon drink ayahuasca or psilocybin mushrooms, popularly known as "magic mushrooms". In addition, we have certainly all drunk coffee at least once in our lives in order to „get us going“, and this is just one of the most glaring examples of human use of psychostimulants of plant origin for the purpose of raising both cognitive and physical capacity. The biggest problem in modern science are legal regulations that often do not go in favor of researchers so it is difficult to carry out a research on a large number of people that would have repercussion in general public and thus change some ingrained negative opinions.

• Keywords: halucinogeni; psihostimulansi; biljke; sekundarni metaboliti
• Keywords (english): hallucinogens; psychostimulants; plants; secondary metabolites
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:531203
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-03-07 12:08:56