Unos folne kiseline u trudnoći - koliko znaju rodilje u Bjelovarsko - bilogorskoj županiji

master's thesis

• Author: Natalija Valentić
• Mentor: Ksenija Vitale (mentor)
• Committee member: Jasna Pucarin-Cvetković (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Milan Milošević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ksenija Vitale (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Gynecology and Obstetrics

Abstract

Uvod: Folna kiselina ili vitamin B9 je sintetski proizvod u obliku dodataka prehrani, dio je skupine vitamina B-kompleksa koja ima ulogu u sintezi nukleinskih kiselina i njihovoj diobi, te zbog toga brzorastuća tkiva kao fetus imaju veliku potrebu za folnom kiselinom. Folna kiselina je vrlo važna za pravilan razvoj neuralne cijevi, fetalne strukture iz koje se kod fetusa razvijaju mozak, kralježnica i kralježnična moždina sa živcima, te ju je zbog toga potrebno uzimati u preporučenoj dozi četiri tjedna prije začeća i do dvanaestog tjedna trudnoće. Nedostatak folne kiseline u fetalnom razvoju najčešće dovodi do defektaneuralne cijevi.
Cilj: Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti kakva znanja i vjerovanja o folnoj kiselini imaju trudnice i rodilje u Bjelovarsko-bilogorskoj županiji, te koliko uzimaju folnu kiselinu prije začeća i tijekom trudnoće.
Rezultati: Uzorak je sačinjavalo 209 ispitanica. Iako je njih 69,9% odgovorilo da zna što je folna kiselina, njih 88% da vjeruje da je korisna, te ih 71,4% tvrdi da bi je trebalo uzimati i prije začeća i u trudnoći, folnu kiselinu je prije začeća, a vezano za začeće i trudnoću uzimalo tek 22,5% ispitanica, a njih polovica se izjasnilo da je uzimalo folnu kiselinu kontinuirano tijekom trudnoće bar jednom tjedno. Rezultati su pokazali da žene s višim obrazovnim statusom statistički značajno više znaju o folnoj kiselini i više su uzimale folnu kiselinu prije začeća i u trudnoći nego one s nižim obrazovnim statusom. Statistički je značajno da planirana trudnoća ima pozitivan učinak na uzimanje folne kiseline, dok status pušača ima negativan učinak na uzimanje folne kiseline.Najviše onih koje nisu uzimale folnu kiselinu imaju status pušača. Dob se nije pokazala statistički značajnom za uzimanje folne kiseline i znanje o njoj. Povezanost prirođenih oštećenja kod djeteta i uzimanja folne kiseline prije začeća i u trudnoći nije bilo moguće utvrditi s obzirom na to da niti jedna ispitanica nije osobno iz prethodne ili ranije trudnoće rodila dijete s kongenitalnom malformacijom.
Zaključak: S obzirom da se još u Hrvatskoj ne razmišlja o obogaćivanju hrane folnom kiselinom ili bar žitarica, jedna od opcija je pojačana i temeljitija edukacijakoja će obuhvatiti sve žene fertilne dobi i trudnice na početku trudnoće kako bi se podigla svijest o važnosti pravovremenog uzimanja folne kiseline.

Abstract (english)

Introduction: Folic acid or vitamin B9 is a synthetic product in the form of dietary supplements, part of the B-complex vitamin group that plays a role in the synthesis of nucleic acids and their division, and therefore fast-growing tissues like the fetus have a great need for folic acid. Folic acid is very important for the proper development of the neural tube, the fetal structure from which the fetus develops the brain, spine and spinal cord with nerves, and therefore it should be taken in the recommended dose four weeks before conception and up to the twelfth week of pregnancy. Folic acid deficiency in fetal development most often leads to a neural tube defect.
Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate what knowledge and beliefs about folic acid pregnant women and laboring mothers in Bjelovar-Bilogora County have, and how much folic acid they take before conception and during pregnancy.
Results: The sample consisted of 209 respondents. Although 69.9% of them answered that they know what folic acid is, 88% of them believe that it is useful, and 71.4% of them say that it should be taken both before conception and in pregnancy. Folic acid was taken by only 22.5% of respondents before conception and related to conception and pregnancy, and half of them stated that they were taking folic acid continuously during pregnancy at least once a week. The results show that women with higher educational status knew statistically significantly more about folic acid and took more folic acid before conception and in pregnancy than those with lower educational status. It is statistically significant that a planned pregnancy has a positive effect on folic acid intake, while smoker status has a negative effect on folic acid intake. Most of those who did not take folic acid have the status of smokers. Age did not prove statistically significant for folic acid intake and knowledge about it. The connection between congenital impairments in children and folic acid intake before conception and in pregnancy could not be determined given that none of the subjects personally gave birth to a child with a congenital malformation from a previous or earlier pregnancy.
Conclusion: Since Croatia is not yet considering enriching food with folic acid or at least cereals, one of the options is enhanced and more thorough education that will include all women of childbearing age and pregnant women in early pregnancy to raise awareness of the importance of timely intake of folic acid.

• Keywords: folna kiselina; neuralna cijev; rodilje; perikoncepcijski; edukacija
• Keywords (english): folic acid; neural tube; laboring mothers; periconceptual; education
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:565067
• Study programme: Title: Studies in Nursing; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra sestrinstva (magistar/magistra sestrinstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-07-11 12:43:44