Rak kao profesionalna bolest

master's thesis

• Title (english): Cancer as an occupational disease
• Author: Srđan Rajčević
• Mentor: Jadranka Mustajbegović (mentor)
• Committee member: Iskra Alexandra Nola (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jagoda Doko Jelinić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jadranka Mustajbegović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Public Health and Health Care; Health Ecology

Abstract

Rak je skupni naziv za brojne bolesti čija je osnovna značajka da su nastali kao posljedica
promjena na DNA, a profesionalni rak je rak koji je nastao kao posljedica izlaganja
karcinogenim tvarima u radnom okolišu. Profesionalni rak ne razlikuje se ni klinički ni
biološki od raka bilo kojeg drugog podrijetla. Danas se smatra da je izlaganje karcinogenima
na radnom mjestu uzrok 4 do 10 % svih karcinoma u muškaraca i oko 4 % karcinoma u žena.
Karcinogeni radnog mjesta dijele se prema karcinogenom potencijalu da uzrokuju malignu
pretvorbu i tu podjelu učinili su IRAC i Europska unija. Karcinogeni se dijele i u tri velike
skupine, odnosno fizikalne, kemijske i biološke karcinogene. Danas se zna da 56
profesionalnih štetnosti sigurno izaziva rak, 40 štetnosti vrlo vjerojatno uzrokuje, a 113
profesionalnih štetnosti je svrstano u moguće karcinogene. Najčešći profesionalni karcinomi
jesu oni respiratornog trakta, organa mezotelnog podrijetla, mokraćnog mjehura i kože.
Prevencija izlaganja karcinogenima u radnom okolišu i redoviti zdravstveni pregledi radnika
vrlo su važan faktor u smanjenju pobola od raka. Republika Hrvatska je zakonskim propisima
i pravilnicima uredila obveze poslodavaca i prava radnika kojima se smanjuje izlaganje
karcinogenim tvarima na radnom na način da to ne utječe na zdravlje radnika i omogućila
redovite zdravstvene preglede svim radnicima koji dolaze u dodir sa profesionalnim
štetnostima.

Abstract (english)

Cancer is a common term for a number of diseases whose main feature is that they occur as a
result of changes in the DNA and professional cancer is cancer that has emerged as a result of
exposure to carcinogens in the working environment. Occupational cancer has no differences
either clinically or biologically of cancer of any other origin.
Today it is considered that exposure to carcinogens in the workplace cause 4-10 % of all
cancers in men and about 4 % of cancers in women. Workplace carcinogens are divided
according to the carcinogenic potential to cause malignant transformation and that division is
made in the IRAC and the European Union. Carcinogens are divided in three major groups -
physical, chemical and biological carcinogens. Today it is known that 56 occupational
hazards certainly causes cancer, 40 of them most likely causes cancer and 113 occupational
hazards were classified as possible carcinogens. The most common occupational cancers are
those of the respiratory tract, organs of mesothelial origin, bladder and skin.
Considering that in Croatia every fourth man dies of cancer and a substantial percentage of
cancer is caused by carcinogens in the workplace, prevention of the exposure to the
carcinogens and regular health check-ups are very important factor in reducing the incidence
of cancer. Republic of Croatia with the legislation and regulations has regulated the
obligations of employers and of workers' rights that reduce the exposure to the carcinogens at
work in a way that it does not affect the health of workers and allow regular medical
examinations for all workers who are in contact with occupational hazards.

• Keywords: rak; prevencija; zakonski propisi
• Keywords (english): cancer; prevention; legislation
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:111259
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-03-14 13:41:45