Nove vrste inzulinskih analoga i njihova primjena u liječenju tipa 1 šećerne bolesti

master's thesis

• Title (english): New insulin analogues in type 1 diabetes mellitus treatment
• Author: Lucija Leskur
• Mentor: Maja Baretić (mentor)
• Committee member: Valerija Bralić Lang (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasenka Markeljević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Baretić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Tip 1 šećerne bolesti progresivna je kronična bolest koja u svijetu zahvaća oko 2 % ukupno procijenjenih slučajeva šećerne bolesti. Preko 1,2 milijuna slučajeva čine djeca i adolescenti. Bolest je praćena brojnim komplikacijama od kojih neke mogu biti opasne po život, dok druge narušavaju njegovu kvalitetu. Više od 85 % oboljelih bolest razvije prije 20. godine života, što nam ukazuje na činjenicu da većina bolesnika nadomjesnu terapiju mora primati desetljećima. Ovaj pregledni rad opisuje napredak u terapiji koji je postignut unazad 100 godina, kada je prvi put izoliran inzulin, jedini lijek za ovu bolest. U radu se ukratko opisuje samu bolest, povijest otkrića i kemijski aspekt molekule inzulina. Dan je kratak osvrt na važnosti, ali i komplikacije intenzivnog liječenja te na sam način primjene lijeka. Naglasak rada je na najnovijim analozima inzulina, načinima na koje oni doprinose nošenju s problemima vezanim uz ovaj oblik terapije te njihovim prednostima i manama u odnosu na prethodnike. S obzirom na prikazane probleme sa suradljivošću i načine na koje intenzivna terapija utječe na životni standard, teži se obrascima liječenja koji bi najbolje oponašali endogene učinke, dok omogućavaju bolesniku fleksibilnost i veću slobodu. Prikazani analozi vidljivo se kreću u tom smjeru, ali ima još puno mjesta za napredak i poboljšanje. Na samom kraju promišlja se o budućnosti liječenja i primjerima drugačijih terapija koje bi mogle pronaći mjesto u praksi.

Abstract (english)

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a progresive, chronic disease that globally affects around 2 % of the estimated total cases of diabetes. More than 1,2 million are children and adolescents. This disease presents a lot of complications, of which some can be life threatening while others bring down quality od life. More than 85% of patients develop disease in their 20s, which tells us that these people need substitution therapy for decades. This theasis describes evolution in therapy in the last 100 years, since insulin was first isolated and used as the only therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Disease, history of therapy and chemistry behind the insulin molecule are also described. There is a brief review of importance and complications of intensive insuline therapy, and also ways of aplication. Special emphasis was placed on the newest insulin analogues, ways they contribute to solving main problems of therapy and their advantages and disadvantages in comparison with precursors. Since there are problems with adherence and the ways intensive therapy is affecting everyday life of patient, new regimens that imitate endogenous effects are being preferred. This will allow more flexibility in patients life. Insulin analogues mentiond before are moving in said direction, but there is a place for improvement. In the end there is a comment on future of treatment and some new interesting ways it may go.

• Keywords: tip 1 šećerne bolesti; analozi inzulina; intenzivna terapija; budućnost liječenja
• Keywords (english): diabetes mellitus type 1; insulin analogues; intensive therapy; future of treatment
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:121230
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-01-17 12:14:07