Title Organizacija zdravstvene zaštite novorođenčadi u Hrvatskoj
Title (english) Organisation of health care of newborns in Croatia
Author Ana Leventić
Mentor Boris Filipović-Grčić (mentor)
Committee member Mirta Starčević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Marija Jelušić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Boris Filipović-Grčić (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Zagreb School of Medicine (Department of Pediatrics) Zagreb
Defense date and country 2022-07-15, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Pediatrics
Abstract Organizacija zdravstvene zaštite bavi se očuvanjem zdravlja, liječenjem i prevencijom bolesti. Liječenje bolesti novorođenčadi provodi se u posebno regionalno i stupnjevito organiziranim jedinicama intenzivnog liječenja koje se u Hrvatskoj nalaze u ustanovama sekundarne i tercijarne zdravstvene zaštite. Postoje 4 razine jedinica za intenzivno liječenje, gdje svaka zadovoljava točno određene kriterije i bavi se specifičnom patologijom od najjednostavnije do najkompleksnije. Hrvatska je podijeljena u 4 perinatalne regije, od kojih svaka sadrži intenzivne jedinice nekoliko razina i jedan regionalni centar. Regionalizacija zdravstvene zaštite novorođenčadi podrazumijeva još i kvalitetnu antenatalnu skrb, antenatalni transport i postnatalni transport. Antenatalna skrb uključjuje adekvatno praćenje trudnoće i dobru ginekološku zdravstvenu zaštitu, uz redovitu provedbu kliničkih i ultrazvučnih pregleda. Antenatalni transport „k sebi“ je organizirano, medicinski indicirano premještanje trudnice iz ustanove niže razine u ustanovu više razine skrbi zbog terapijskih ili dijagnostičkih potreba. Postnatalni transport bolesne novorođenčadi odvija se prema indikacijama iz ustanova niže razine u ustanovu više razine unutar perinatalne regije, i prema potrebi, u nacionalno središte, odnosno ustanovu najviše, IV. Razine. Prevencija bolesti novorođenčadi, kao bitan dio organizacije zdravstvene zaštite, sastoji se od primordijalne, primarne, sekundarne, tercijarne i kvartarne. Obilježja primarne prevencije ima cijepljenje. Novorođenčad se cijepi u rodilištu BCG-om i HBaAg-om u slučaju da su majke HBsAg pozitivne. Sekundarna prevencija provodi se dugom tradicijom organiziranog novorođenačkog probira. Probir se radi na metaboličke bolesti, razvojne poremećaje kukova, prirođenu gluhoću i srčane greške. Dobra organizacija i međusobna povezanost svih porodničkih i neonatalnih ustanova dokazano utječe na smanjenje perinatalnog i dojenačkog mortaliteta. Rani neonatalni mortalitet čini najveći udio dojenačkog mortaliteta i mortaliteta djece ispod 5 godina. Stopa perinatalnog mortaliteta je najbolji pokazatelj kvalitete organizacije zdravstvene zaštite novorođenčadi a u 2020.godini u Hrvatskoj je iznosila 3.9/1000 živorođenih. Uz perinatalni mortalitet dobar pokazatelj kvalitete sustava je i dojenački mortalitet koji je za 2020. iznosio 3,96/1000.
Abstract (english) Organization of health care is focused on prevention and treatment of diseases, and preservation of health. Treatment of diseases of newborns in Croatia is carried out in special, organized units of neonatal care divided into 4 levels. Units are found in secondary and tertiary institutions of health care. Each unit is defined by specific criteria and can treat cases from the simplest to the most complex depending on the level of care it satisfies. The regional organization of Croatia divides the country into 4 perinatal regions, each one with neonatal care units of different levels and one regional center. Regionalization of perinatal care also includes antenatal care, antenatal transport and postnatal transport. Antenatal care is focused on gynecological health care and care for pregnant women, through optimal number of performed ultrasounds and clinical check-ups. Antenatal transport is a process of transporting a pregnant woman into an institution of higher level of care for diagnostic and treatment purposes. Postnatal transport is indicated when a critically ill newborn requires a higher level of care than can be provide in the institution in which it was born. Prevention of diseases of newborns is divided into primordial, primary, secondary, tertiary and quarter prevention. Vaccination is a form of primary prevention. All newborns are vaccinated in the maternity ward with BCG vaccine and HBsAg if the mother is HBsAg positive. Secondary prevention is provided by a newborn screening for diseases. Organized screening is done for metabolic diseases, congenital hip dysplasia, congenital hearing defect and congenital heart defects. Well organized and interconnected units of neonatal care in one region are proven to lower perinatal and infant mortality. Perinatal mortality is the best indicator of how well the health care system for newborns is organized and functioning. Perinatal mortality in Croatia in 2020. by the WHO standards was 3.9/1000 live births. Infant mortality is another indicator of health care quality and in 2020. it was 3,96/1000.
Keywords
organizacija zdravstvene zaštite
novorođenčad
Keywords (english)
health care organization
newborns
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:105:791868
Study programme Title: Medicine Study programme type: university Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2023-01-17 12:18:02