Epigenetski lijekovi

master's thesis

• Title (english): Epigenetic drugs
• Author: Stjepan Greguraš
• Mentor: Maja Vlahović (mentor)
• Committee member: Floriana Jakuš (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ljiljana Šerman (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Vlahović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Medical Biology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Medical Microbiology

Abstract

U svakoj stanici u našem organizmu zapisan je isti genetski kod. Što onda utječe na to koja će stanica postati moždana, a koja mišićna? Koja će postati dio kostura, a koja dio probavnog sustava? Odgovore na ta pitanja nudi epigenetika. Epigenetika je uzbudljiv dio znanosti koji se bavi proučavanjem epigenoma. Proučava mehanizme aktivacije i supresije gena bez promjene same molekule DNA. Epigenetički mehanizmi regulacije gena u stanici su metilacija DNA, modifikacija histona i sustav interferirajućih RNA. Međutim, u malignim stanicama taj je sustav regulacije poremećen i zato su one izvan kontrole. U novije vrijeme pojavili su se novi lijekovi koji djeluju na maligne stanice upravo preko epigenetskih mehanizama kontrole i pokušavaju „zauzdati podivljale“ maligne stanice i vratiti ih pod kontrolu organizma te time liječiti i izliječiti malignu bolest. Cilj ovog rada jest omogućiti pregled trenutno dostupnih epigenetskih lijekova i opisati njihove mehanizme djelovanja i ciljeve njihove primjene. Odabir lijekova koji su opisani u ovom radu temeljio se na tome jesu li odobreni od strane američke Agencije za hranu i lijekove.

Abstract (english)

In each and every cell of our body there is the same genetic code. What is it then that makes one cell a brain cell and another one a muscle cell? Which cell will become a part of the skeletal system and which one will be a part of the digestive system? Epigenetics offers the answers. Epigenetics is an exciting part of science that studies the epigenome. It studies the mechanisms of gene activation and gene suppression without changing the DNA molecule itself. DNA methylation, histone modification and system of interfering RNA molecules are cellular mechanisms of epigenetic regulation. However, malignant cells have a dysfunctional regulatory epigenetic system and that is the reason why they are out of control. New drugs that aim to use these regulatory mechanisms and in that way bring the „unrestrained“ malignant cells under the control of the organism have emerged recently. Therefore, treating and curing the malignant disease from different perspective is achieved. Aim of this thesis is to provide an overview of epigenetic drugs available nowadays as well as to describe mechanisms of their action and targets of their application. Drugs described in this thesis were selected based on their US Food and Drug Administration approval.

• Keywords: epigenetika; epigenetski lijekovi; azacitidin; belinostat; vorinostat; panobinostat; decitabin; ruxolitinib; romidepsin
• Keywords (english): epigenetics; epigenetic drugs; azacitidine; belinostat; vorinostat; panobinostat; decitabin; ruxolitinibe; romidepsine
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:392445
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-03-31 12:45:57