Štetni učinci ultraljubičastog svjetla na kožu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Adverse effect of ultraviolet light on the skin
• Author: Lovre Pedić
• Mentor: Krešimir Kostović (mentor)
• Committee member: Romana Čeović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Branka Marinović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Krešimir Kostović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Dermatology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Dermatovenerology

Abstract

Tijekom života ljudi su neprestano izloženi sunčevom zračenju. Sunce je izvor energije i omogućuje život na Zemlji. Sunčevo svjetlo glavni je izvor ultraljubičastog (UV) zračenja. UV zračenje jedan je od najvažniji čimbenika okoliša koji utječe na ljude. Osobe koje rade na otvorenom npr. ribari, građevinski radnici, mornari i drugi češće su izloženi UV zračenju. Osim sunca, danas postoje mnogi umjetni izvori UV zračenja poput solarija te primjena fototerapije u dermatologiji. Uz korisne učinke UV zračenja, kao što je sinteza vitamina D, poznato je da UV zračenje može imati i štetne učinke na ljudsko zdravlje. Danas se zna da pretjerano izlaganje suncu dovodi do imunosupresije, ubrzanog starenja kože, kao i tumora kože. UV zračenje dio je elektromagnetskog spektra sunčevog zračenja i može se podijeliti na: UVC (40-280 nm), UVB (280-320 nm) i UVA (320-400 nm) zračenje. Fotozaštita predstavlja skup mjera u svrhu zaštite od pretjeranog izlaganja sunčevim zrakama da bi se izbjeglo ubrzano starenje kože, ali i pojava tumora kože u kasnijoj dobi. Ove mjere obuhvaćaju izbjegavanje izlaganja suncu, posebno između 10 i 16 sati, nošenje zaštitne odjeće te primjenu sredstava za zaštitu. Akutni učinci ultraljubičastog zračenja su kratkotrajni i reverzibilni. Sunčane opekline su najčešći oblik akutnih učinaka prekomjerne izloženosti UV zračenju. Kronični učinci su mnogo opasniji. Štetni učinci pretjeranog izlaganja suncu tijekom djetinjstva i adolescencije se akumuliraju i reflektiraju u starijoj dobi. Oštećenje kože sunčevom svjetlošću može dovesti do preranog starenja i eventualno raka kože, poput nemelanomskih i melanomskih zloćudnih tumora kože. Nemelanomski tumori kože najčešći su karcinomi u ljudi. Melanom je najzloćudniji tumor kože i sluznica.

Abstract (english)

During the life people are constantly exposed to sunlight. The sun is the source of energy and it enables life on earth. Sunlight is the main source of Ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV radiation is one of the most important environmental factors affecting mankind. People who work outdoors e.g., fishermen, construction workers, sailors and others are more often exposed to UV radiation. Besides the sun, today there are many artificial sources of UV light, such as solarium tanning bed and phototherapy used in dermatology. Besides the beneficial effects of UV radiation such as vitamin D synthesis, it is known that UV radiation can lead to adverse effects on human health. Today it is generally known that excessive exposure leads to immunosuppression, rapid photoaging and skin cancer. UV radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum of the sun and it can be divided into three main ranges: UVC (40-280 nm), UVB (280-320 nm) and UVA (320-400 nm). Photoprotection is a set of protective measures that protect us from excessive exposure to sunlight in order to prevent accelerated skin aging and skin cancer later in life. These measures include avoiding direct sun exposure between ten AM and four PM, wearing protective clothes and application of sunscreens. The acute effects of UV radiation exposure are short-lived and reversible. Sunburns are most frequent occurrence among acute effects of excessive UV radiation exposure. Chronic effects are much more dangerous. The adverse effects of excessive sun exposure during childhood and adolescence are cumulated and reflected in older men. Skin damage from sunlight can lead to premature aging of the skin and possibly skin cancers such as non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers. Non-melanoma skin cancers are the most common cancers in men. Melanoma is the most malignant cancer of the skin and mucous membranes.

• Keywords: ultraljubičasto svjetlo; sunčane opekline; bazocelularni karcinom; planocelularni karcinom; melanom
• Keywords (english): ultraviolet light; sunburns; basal cell carcinoma; basal cell carcinoma; melanoma
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:762880
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-04-11 09:22:28