Smjernice za liječenje kašlja kod djece

Professional paper - Professional paper

• Title (english): Guidelines for treating of cough in children
• Author: Tomislav Baudoin
• Author: Marija Bučanac
• Author: Damir Erceg
• Author: Marko Velimir Grgić
• Author: Irena Ivković Jureković
• Author: Tihana Kramar Poljak
• Author: Tin Kušan
• Author: Andrija Miculinić
• Author: Neven Pavlov
• Author: Davor Plavec
• Author: Dorian Tiješić Drinković
• Author: Mirjana Turkalj
• Author: Ana Župan
• Author: Tihana Kramar Poljak
• Author: Tin Kušan
• Author: Andrija Miculinić
• Author: Neven Pavlov
• Author: Davor Plavec
• Author: Dorian Tiješić Drinković
• Author: Mirjana Turkalj
• Author: Ana Župan
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Othorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery)
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Otorhinolaryngology

Abstract (croatian)

Kašalj predstavlja najčešći simptom zbog kojega bolesnici traže liječničku pomoć. Uzroci kašlja su mnogobrojni, a u djece je kašalj najčešće posljedica akutnih respiratornih infekcija koje su u 90% slučajeva virusne etiologije. Kako je akutni kašalj najčešće posljedica nekomplicirane i samolimitirajuće bolesti, u najvećem broju slučajeva ne zahtijeva nikakvo liječenje. S druge strane, kašalj i u tim slučajevima može značajno remetiti kvalitetu života te roditelji često očekuju neku vrstu liječenja za svoje dijete. Ipak, i akutni kašalj može biti kompliciran ili imati i životno ugrožavajući uzrok (aspiracija stranog tijela). Stoga je važno prepoznati tip i trajanje kašlja te posebice obratiti pažnju na posebna upozorenja koja ukazuju na potencijalnu opasnost za dijete. Vrlo mali broj lijekova za kašalj nalazi se na listi lijekova koje pokriva Hrvatski zavod za javno zdravstvo (HZZO), a gotovo da nema lijekova koji su odobreni za primjenu kod djece mlađe od dvije godine. Stoga postoje značajne nezadovoljene potrebe bolesnika vezano uz liječenje kašlja. Oko izbora lijekova postoje mnoge kontroverze i nerijetko se griješi pri njihovom odabiru. Zbog specifičnosti simptoma kašlja te posebnosti dječje populacije Ekspertna skupina za kašalj Hrvatskog društva za pedijatrijsku pulmologiju i Hrvatskog društva za otorinolaringologiju i kirurgiju glave i vrata Hrvatskoga liječničkog zbora izradila je smjernice za liječenje kašlja u djece. Ove smjernice imaju za cilj odgovoriti na glavna klinička pitanja koja se tiču empirijskog liječenja, praktičnih dijagnostičkih alata te dostupnih terapijskih opcija. Liječenje specifičnih stanja koja se manifestiraju i simptomom kašlja (primjerice astma ili refluks povezan s kašljem) nije obuhvaćeno ovim smjernicama. Smjernice nisu sufinancirane od strane farmaceutskih tvrtki, nego su izrađene u želji da se svim zainteresiranima i uključenima u liječenje djece omogući pregledni i smisleni pristup liječenju kašlja.

Abstract (english)

Cough is the most common symptom that causes patients to seek medical help. There are numerous causes of cough, but in childhood ~90% are caused by acute respiratory infections. As acute cough is mostly caused by self-limiting and uncomplicated diseases, in general it does not require any medication. However, as cough may negatively affect the quality of life, parents usually demand some kind of treatment for their children. In some cases, acute cough can even have a life-threatening cause (foreign body aspiration). Therefore it is important to recognize the type and duration of cough, as well as detect potential alarming signs (“red flags”). There are
very few medications approved by the Croatian Health Insurance Fund (HZZO), and there are almost none available for children under the age of 2. Consequently, there are unfulfilled needs for cough treatment. The choices for treatment are often controversial and mistakes in prescribing medications are frequent. Due to the specificity of the symptoms and particularities of the pediatric population the Expert group for cough of the Croatian Society for Pediatric Pulmonology and Croatian Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of the Croatian Medical Association considered the need to create guidelines for the treatment of cough in children. These guidelines are meant to answer the most important clinical questions for empirical therapy, practical diagnostic tools, and available treatment options. The treatment of specific diseases that manifest additionally with coughing (for example asthma or gastroesophageal reflux disease with cough) is not covered by these guidelines. The guidelines are not funded by any pharmaceutical company and were made to allow a clear and systematic approach to cough management for all those involved in pediatric care.

• Keywords (croatian): KAŠALJ – dijagnoza, etiologija, liječenje; KRONIČNA BOLEST; DJECA; POSTUPNICI; SMJERNICE; HRVATSKA
• Keywords (english): COUGH – diagnosis, etiology, therapy; CHRONIC DISEASE; CHILD; ALGORITHMS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC
• Language: croatian
• Language: english
• Publication type: Professional paper - Professional paper
• Publication status: Published
• Peer review: Peer review
• Publication version: Published version
• Journal title: Liječnički vjesnik
• Numbering: vol. 145, no. 3-4, pp. 98-116
• p-ISSN: 0024-3477
• e-ISSN: 1849-2177
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.26800/LV-145-3-4-2
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:629368
• Publication: 2023
• Document URL: https://hrcak.srce.hr/301329
• Type of resource: Text
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-07-21 07:46:58