Lijećenje anksioznih poremećaja

master's thesis

• Title (english): Treatment of anxiety disorders
• Author: Ozana Bujas
• Mentor: Dražen Begić (mentor)
• Committee member: RUDOLF GREGUREK (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Alma Mihaljević-Peleš (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dražen Begić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Psychiatry

Abstract

Anksiozni poremećaji su jedni od najčešćih psihijatrijskih poremećaja. Javljaju se u svakoj dobi.
Češći su kod žena. Kronični su. Većina ih se javlja u komorbiditetu s drugim anksioznim
poremećajima i depresijom. Dijele se na: panični poremećaj, generalizirani anksiozni poremećaj,
fobije (specifičnu fobiju, agorafobiju i socijalnu fobiju), opsesivno-kompulzivni poremećaj i
posttraumatski stresni poremećaj. Zajednička karakteristika im je anksioznost koja nije posljedica
vanjske opasnosti, nego dolazi iznutra. Vezana je uz događaje koji će se tek dogoditi. Dugo traje.
Smanjuje kvalitetu života. Postoje brojne teorije o njenom nastanku. Psihoanalitičke teorije
anksioznost promatraju kao posljedicu intrapsihičkih konflikata. Kognitivne teorije anksiozne
poremećaje povezuju sa pogreškama u percepciji opasnosti. Bihevioralne teorije se temelje na
teorijama učenja. Biološke teorije ih povezuju sa promjenama u neurotransmiterima,
preosjetljivošću amigdala, genetskom predispozicijom. Paradigma dijateza-stres povezuje sklonost
prema nastanku anksioznih poremećaja sa djelovanjem stresora.
Anksiozni poremećaji se uspješno liječe. Koriste se brojne metode. Najbolje rezultate daje
kombinirana primjena farmakoterapije i psihoterapije. Od farmakoterapije se najviše koriste
anksiolitici i antidepresivi. Rjeđe se koriste beta-blokatori, antiepileptici i antipsihotici. Prvi izbor
od psihoterapije je kognitivno-bihevioralna terapija. Ostale psihoterapije koje se koriste su:
psihodinamska psihoterapija, grupna psihoterapija, obiteljska i interpersonalna terapija. Dodatne
mogućnosti su: socioterapija, tehnike relaksacije, hipnoza i stimulacijske metode.

Abstract (english)

Anxiety disorders are one of the most common psychiatric disorders. They ocuure at any age. They
occur more frequently in females than in males.They are chronic. Most of them are comorbid with
the other anxiety disorders and depression. They include: panic disorder, generalized anxiety
disorder, phobias (specific phobia, agoraphobia and social phobia), obsessive-compulsive disorder
and post-traumatic stress disorder. They are characterized by anxiety. This anxiety is not the result
of external dangers, they comes from inside. Anxiety is related to the future events. Anxiety takes a
long time. It reduces the quality of life. There are many theories about its development. In
psychoanalytic theory, anxiety is result of intrapsychic conflict. In cognitive theory, anxiety
disorders are associated with errors in the perception of danger. Behavioral theories are based on
theories of learning. In biological therories, anxiety disorders are associated with changes in
neurotransmitters, hypersensitive amigdala and genetic predisposition. Diathesis-stress paradigm
connects risk factors for anxiety disorders with the effects of stress.
Anxiety disorders are successfully treated. Many methods are used. Best results shows a
combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. From pharmacotherapy are most used
anxiolytics and antidepressants. Less frequently are used beta-blockers, anticonvulsants and
antipsychotics. The first choice of psychotherapy is cognitive-behavioral therapy. Others
psychotherapies that are used are: psychodynamic psychotherapy, group psychotherapy, family and
interpersonal psychotherapy. More features include: sociotherapy, relaxation techniques, hypnosis
and brain stimulation methods.

• Keywords: anksiozni poremećaji; anksiolitici; antidepresivi; psihoterapija
• Keywords (english): anxiety disorders; anxiolytics; antidepressants; psychotherapy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:303909
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2015-10-05 09:46:16