Mentalizacija i kratke psihoterapije u poremećajima hranjenja i poremećajima ličnosti

master's thesis

• Title (english): Mentalization and short psychotherapy in personality disorders and eating disorders
• Author: Kiara Turković
• Mentor: Darko Marčinko (mentor)
• Committee member: Milena Skočić Hanžek (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dražen Begić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Darko Marčinko (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Psychiatry

Abstract

Pojam mentalizacije uveli su Bateman i Fonagy, i odnosi se na implicitno te eksplicitno pronalaženje smisla postojanja i misaonih procesa u drugima kao i u sebi samima. Procesi mentalizacije isprepliću se s procesima ljudske mašte i percepcije tuđih te svojih obrazaca ponašanja. Mentalizacija je proces podložan greškama, međutim u psihičkim poremećajima te greške narušavaju funkcioniranje te dovode nestabilnost u svakodnevnim aktivnostima i interpersonalnim odnosima. Teorija privrženosti Johna Bowlbya objašnjava razvoj mentalizacije kroz ulogu kontinuiteta ranjivosti te izloženosti traumama u djetinjstvu, doprinos tih faktora oštećenju kognitivnih i socijalnih kapaciteta mentalizacije, razvoju osjetljivog sustava privrženosti u sklopu interpersonalnih odnosa, te oslabljene sposobnosti predstavljanja emocija i neadekvatne kontrole kapaciteta pažnje. Terapija bazirana na mentalizaciji izgrađena je oko graničnog poremećaja ličnosti međutim proširena je na liječenje brojnih dijagnoza uključujući i poremećaje hranjenja. Ti su poremećaji također usko vezani uz teškoće privrženosti te nestabilne interpersonalne odnose. U liječenju poremećaja hranjenja koriste se i kratke psihoterapije kao kognitivno-bihevioralna, čiji se kognitivni aspekt fokusira na pretjeranu usredotočenost na izgled tijela, te interpersonalna čiji su fokus interpersonalni odnosi. Kratkotrajna dinamička psihoterapija koja se usredotočuje na konfrontirajuća i defenzivna ponašanja, te adaptivna psihoterapija čiji su fokus kognitivna zbivanja i pacijentovi glavni neprilagođeni obrasci ponašanja, pokazale su se uspješnima u liječenju poremećaja ličnosti.

Abstract (english)

The concept of mentalization was introduced by Bateman and Fonagy, and refers to implicitly and explicitly finding the meaning of existence and thought processes in others as well as in oneself. The processes of mentalization are intertwined with the processes of human imagination and perception of other people's and own behavior patterns. Mentalization is a process subject to errors, however, in psychological disorders, these errors impair functioning in daily activities and interpersonal relationships. John Bowlby's attachment theory explains the development of mentalization through the role of continuity of vulnerability and exposure to trauma in childhood, the contribution of these factors to the damage of cognitive and social capacities of mentalization, the development of a sensitive attachment system within interpersonal relationships, and the weakened ability to represent emotions and inadequate control of attention capacity. Mentalization-based therapy was built around borderline personality disorders, but has been expanded to treat a number of diagnoses, including eating disorders. These disorders are also closely related to attachment difficulties and unstable interpersonal relationships. In the treatment of eating disorders, short psychotherapies such as cognitive-behavioral, whose cognitive aspect focuses on excessive focus on body appearance, and interpersonal, whose focus is interpersonal relationships, are also used. Short-term dynamic psychotherapy that focuses on confrontational and defensive behaviors, and adaptive psychotherapy that focuses on cognitive events and the patient's main maladaptive behavior patterns, have proven to be successful in the treatment of personality disorders.

• Keywords: mentalizacija; granični poremećaj ličnosti; poremećaji hranjenja; kognitivno bihevioralna terapija; interpersonalna terapija
• Keywords (english): mentalization; borderline personality disorder; eating disorders; cognitive behavioral therapy; interpersonal therapy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:611642
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-11-02 11:16:03