HPV pozitivni karcinomi usne šupljine

master's thesis

• Title (english): HPV-positive carcinoma of the oral cavity
• Author: Lucija Zeljko
• Mentor: Marin Prpić (mentor)
• Committee member: Jasmina Marić Brozić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivica Lukšić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marin Prpić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Clinical Oncology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Oncology

Abstract

Prekomjerna konzumacija duhana i alkohola najvažniji su etiološki čimbenici u nastanku karcinoma usne šupljine, međutim 15 - 20% bolesnika razvija karcinom bez da su izloženi tim čimbenicima. Iz toga je jasno da postoje i drugi faktori koji utječu na nastanak OSCC-a, a jedan od njih je i infekcija humanim papilomavirusom. Smatra se da je HPV odgovoran za vrlo mali udio karcinoma usne šupljine, iako podaci o prevalenciji znatno variraju u različitim studijama. Uz razvoj karcinoma usne šupljine vežu se visokorizični genotipovi, pri čemu je najčešće izoliran HPV 16, a zatim HPV 18. Onkogeni potencijal visokorizičnih tipova HPV-a pripisuje se njihovoj sposobnosti ugrađivanja specifičnih fragmenata svoje DNA, gena E6 i E7, u genom zaraženih stanica, nakon čega slijedi ekspresija istoimenih virusnih proteina. Ovi proteini su ključni pokretači karcinogeneze jer inaktiviraju dva najvažnija tumorsupresorska proteina, p53 i pRb. Utvrđeno je da je rizično seksualno ponašanje, uključujući orogenitalni seks, najvjerojatniji način prijenosa HPV-a između genitalija i usne šupljine. Trenutačni zlatni standard za otkrivanje onkogene HPV infekcije u karcinomu usne šupljine je E6/E7 mRNA in situ hibridizacija. Utjecaj HPV infekcije na prognozu bolesnika s karcinomom usne šupljine i dalje nije sasvim jasan, ali prema mnogim studijama HPV status ne utječe na ukupno preživljenje bolesnika s OSCC-om. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja kako bi se dodatno pojasnio utjecaj HPV infekcije na nastanak i prognozu karcinoma usne šupljine.

Abstract (english)

Excessive consumption of tobacco and alcohol are the most important etiological factors in the development of oral cavity carcinoma, however 15 - 20% of patients develop carcinoma without being exposed to these factors. It is clear from this that there are other factors that influence the development of OSCC, and one of them is human papillomavirus infection. HPV is thought to be responsible for a very small proportion of oral cavity carcinoma, although prevalence data vary considerably from study to study. High-risk genotypes are associated with the development of oral cavity carcinoma, with HPV 16 being the most frequently isolated, followed by HPV 18. The oncogenic potential of high-risk HPV types is attributed to their ability to insert specific fragments of their DNA, the E6 and E7 genes, into the genome of infected cells, followed by the expression of viral proteins of the same name. These proteins are key drivers of carcinogenesis because they inactivate the two most important tumor suppressor proteins, p53 and pRb. Risky sexual behavior, including orogenital sex, has been found to be the most likely mode of transmission of HPV between the genitals and the oral cavity. The current gold standard for detection of oncogenic HPV infection in oral cavity carcinoma is E6/E7 mRNA in situ hybridization. The impact of HPV infection on the prognosis of patients with oral cavity carcinoma is still not entirely clear, but according to many studies, HPV status does not affect the overall survival of patients with OSCC. Additional research is needed to further clarify the impact of HPV infection on the development and prognosis of oral cavity carcinoma.

• Keywords: karcinom usne šupljine; HPV; visokorizični genotipovi
• Keywords (english): oral cavity carcinoma; HPV; high-risk genotypes
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:083431
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-11-02 12:38:27