Patohistološki pristup transplantacije jetre

master's thesis

• Title (english): Pathohistological approach to liver transplantation
• Author: Ivan Margeta
• Mentor: Slavko Gašparov (mentor)
• Committee member: Marijana Ćorić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anita Škrtić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Slavko Gašparov (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Pathology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Pathology

Abstract

Jetra je vitalni organ čovjeka. Ima važnu ulogu u metabolizmu hranjivih tvari i lijekova, sintezi proteina i filtraciji krvi. Zbog svoje složene građe i mnogobrojnih funkcija jetra je često sijelo bolesti. Postoje mnogobrojna patološka stanja jetre, no u kontekstu transplantacijske patologije najbitnija su ona koja dovode do akutnog zatajenja jetre, kroničnog zatajenja jetre i ciroze. Ove bolesti liječe se transplantacijom jetre. Transplantacijska patologija bavi se bolestima koje se pojavljuju na alotransplantatu: prezervacijsko oštećenje, vaskularne komplikacije, komplikacije žučnih vodova, odbacivanje organa, infekcije i recidivirajuće bolesti. Prezervacijsko oštećenje nastaje kao posljedica produljenog vremena tople i hladne ishemije. Vaskularne komplikacije i komplikacije žučnih vodova najčešće su posljedica kirurških komplikacija. Infekcije hepatitis B virusom i hepatitis C virusom često recidiviraju i progresivno vode do zatajenja alotransplantata. Odbacivanje organa dijeli se na humoralno, akutno i kronično. Recidivirajuće bolesti uključuju infektivne, imunološke, tumorske i toksične bolesti jetre. Glavna dijagnostička metoda većine ovih stanja je biopsija jetre i patohistološki pregled tkiva. Međutim mikroskopska slika ovih bolesti često je nespecifična i vrlo isprepletena. Neke bolesti posebno je teško razlikovati samo na temelju mikroskopske slike. Zbog toga je potrebno poznavati vrijeme proteklo od transplantacije, kliničku sliku bolesti i stanje pacijenta te široku diferencijalnu dijagnozu koja dolazi u obzir.

Abstract (english)

The liver is a vital human organ. It has an important role in nutrient and drug metabolism, protein synthesis and blood filtration. Because of its complex structure and multiple functions the liver is a common site of diseases. There are lots of possible pathological states of the liver, but in the context of liver transplantation pathology the most important are: acute liver failure, chronic liver failure and cirrhosis. These diseases are treated with liver transplantation. Transplantation pathology covers diseases that occur on the allograft: preservation injury, vascular complications, bile duct complications, rejection, infections and reccurent diseases. Preservation injury occurs due to prolonged cold and hot ischemia. Vascular complications and bile duct complications are usually a result of surgical complications. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections commonly recur in the allograft and lead to progressive allograft failure. Liver rejection is divided into humoral, acute and chronic. Recurrent diseases include infective, immune, neoplastic and toxic liver diseases. The main diagnostic method for most of these diseases is liver biopsy and pathohistological tissue examination. However the microscopic findings can be unspecific and overlapping. Some diseases can be difficult to distinguish based on microscopic findings alone. Therefore it is important to know the time after transplantation, the clinical presentation of the disease and the broad differential diagnosis that needs to be considered

• Keywords: transplantacija; ciroza; alotransplantat; biopsija
• Keywords (english): transplantation; cirrhosis; allograft; biopsy.
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:384857
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-08-09 10:19:20