Uloga probiotika u bolestima probavnog sustava u djece

master's thesis

• Title (english): Role of probiotics in pediatric gastrointestinal diseases
• Author: Marta Prtajin
• Mentor: Jurica Vuković (mentor)
• Committee member: Irena Senečić-Čala (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marija Jelušić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jurica Vuković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Pediatrics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Pediatrics

Abstract

Probiotici su dodatci prehrani ili prehrambeni proizvodi koji sadrže žive mikroorganizme koji mijenjaju crijevnu mikrofloru te potencijalno korisno djeluju na zdravlje domaćina. Randomizirana klinička istraživanja su pokazala učinkovitost primjene probiotika u liječenju proljeva u akutnim virusnim gastroenteritisima i prevenciji postantimikrobnog proljeva u inače zdrave djece te skraćenju trajanja fototerapije u djece s vrlo malom porođajnom masom s indirektnom hiperbilirubinemijom. Neki rezultati podupiru profilaktičku primjenu probiotika u prevenciji nekrotizirajućeg enterokolitisa u djece s vrlo malom porođajnom masom i atopijskih bolesti, ali potrebno je više dokaza prije njihove rutinske primjene. Primjena probiotika u liječenju Helicobacter pylori infekcija, ulceroznog kolitisa, dojenačkih kolika, minimalne hepatičke encefalopatije i sindroma iritabilnog crijeva u djetinjstvu pokazala je pozitivne preliminarne ishode, ali također zahtjeva više potvrdnih rezultata. Nije dokazana korist primjene probiotika u liječenju ili prevenciji raka i ekstraintestinalnih infekcija te liječenju Crohnove bolesti i opstipacije u pedijatrijskih pacijenata. Različita izvješća upućuju na hipokolesterolemički učinak probiotika, ali budući da se točan mehanizam slabo razumije, potrebna su daljnja istraživanja. Primjena probiotika se ne preporučuje u teško ili kronično bolesne djece dok se ne razriješe sva sigurnosna pitanja. S obzirom na nepoznate dugoročne učinke probiotika na mikrofloru i cjelokupno zdravlje te nedostatak razumijevanja njihove uloge u bolestima probavnog sustava u djece, kliničke smjernice za njihovu primjenu se još moraju utvrditi.

Abstract (english)

Probiotics are supplements or foods that contain viable microorganisms that change the microflora of the host and have positive health potential. Randomized clinical trials have shown efficiency of the probiotic use in treating diarrhea in acute viral gastroenteritis and preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea in otherwise healthy children and reducing the duration of phototherapy in very low birth weight infants with indirect hyperbilirubinemia. Some results support the prophylactic use of probiotics in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants and atopic disorders, but more evidence is needed before routine use. Probiotic treatment for Helicobacter pylori infections, ulcerative colitis, infantile colic, minimal hepatic encephalopathy and irritable bowel syndrome in childhood has shown positive preliminary outcomes, but also requires more confirmatory results. No benefits are proven in treating or preventing cancer and extraintestinal infections and treating Crohn disease or constipation with probiotics in pediatric patients. Various reports suggest the hypocholesterolemic effect of probiotics, but the exact mechanism is poorly understood and requires further investigation. The use of probiotics is not recommended in seriously or chronically ill children until all safety concerns have been resolved. Due to unknown long- term effects of probiotics on the children microflora and overall health and lack of understanding of their role in pediatric gastrointestinal diseases, clinical guidelines for probiotics have yet to be determined.

• Keywords: probiotici; mikroflora; liječenje; dugoročni učinak; kliničke smjernice
• Keywords (english): probiotics; microflora; treatment; long- term effect; clinical guidelines
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:229856
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-08-10 07:12:53