Pregled strategija i aktivnosti za suzbijanje debljine u djece u zemljama Europske regije Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije

master's thesis

• Title (english): Review of strategies and activities for combating childhood obesity in the countries of the World Health Organization European Region
• Author: Jakov Lonić
• Mentor: Sanja Musić Milanović (mentor)
• Committee member: Danijela Štimac (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Stjepan Orešković (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Musić Milanović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Medical Statistics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Public Health and Health Care

Abstract

Debljina kod djece predstavlja složenu kroničnu bolest s ozbiljnim zdravstvenim, društvenim i ekonomskim posljedicama. Glavni mehanizmi za razvoj prekomjerne tjelesne mase i debljine su obesogeno okruženje, rizični prenatalni i natalni čimbenici te uvjeti ranog djetinjstva. Epidemiologija debljine pokazuje alarmantan porast prevalencije među djecom u Europi, uključujući Hrvatsku. U Hrvatskoj, prema istraživanju Europska inicijativa praćenja debljine u djece, Hrvatska iz 2021./2022., 36,1% djece imalo je prekomjernu tjelesnu masu, od čega njih 15,4% debljinu. Ovi podaci stavljaju Hrvatsku među zemlje s najvišim udjelom debljine u Europi. Europske inicijative i programi usmjereni su na promicanje pravilnih prehrambenih navika, povećanja tjelesne aktivnosti promicanje dojenja, edukaciju roditelja i djece te regulaciju tržišta prehrambenih proizvoda uz kreiranje neobesogenih okruženja. Izolirane aktivnosti do sada nisu pokazale učinke i potrebni su multisektorski integrirani pristupi koji uključuju različite i brojnih dionika u borbi s ovim galopirajućim javnozdravstvenim izazovom. Osnovne prepreke uključuju nedostatak financijske potpore, stigmatizaciju osoba s debljinom i neusklađenu politiku. Za njihovo prevladavanje potrebna su inovativna rješenja i politička volja za kvalitetniju i sveobuhvatniju implementaciju mehanizama borbe protiv kronične bolesti debljine u djece.

Abstract (english)

Childhood obesity represents a complex chronic disease with serious health, social, and economic consequences. The main mechanisms for the development of overweight and obesity include an obesogenic environment, risky prenatal and natal factors, and early childhood conditions. The epidemiology of obesity shows an alarming increase in prevalence among children in Europe, including Croatia. According to the European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative in Croatia from 2021/2022, 36.1% of children had excess weight, of which 15.4% were obese. These data place Croatia among the countries with the highest obesity rates in Europe. European initiatives and programs aim to promote healthy eating habits, increase physical activity, promote breastfeeding, educate parents and children, and regulate the food product market while creating non-obesogenic environments. Isolated activities have not shown effects so far, and multisectoral integrated approaches involving various stakeholders are needed to combat this rapidly growing public health challenge. The main obstacles include a lack of financial support, stigmatization of obese individuals, and uncoordinated policies. Overcoming these requires innovative solutions and political will for a higher quality and more comprehensive implementation of mechanisms to fight the chronic disease of childhood obesity.

• Keywords: obesogeno okruženje; Europska regija; debljina u djece; višesektorski pristup
• Keywords (english): obesogenic environment; European region; childhood obesity; multisectoral action
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:381951
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-06-27 14:54:46