Duboka mozgovna stimulacija u liječenju distonija u pedijatrijskoj i odrasloj dobi

master's thesis

• Title (english): Deep brain stimulation in the treatment of dystonia in pediatric and adult age
• Author: Gracia Grabarić
• Mentor: Darko Chudy (mentor)
• Committee member: Krešimir Rotim (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anko Antabak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Darko Chudy (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Surgery); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Surgery

Abstract

Duboka mozgovna stimulacija, dobro poznata metoda liječenja Parkinsonove bolesti, danas predstavlja važnu terapijsku opciju za razne bolesti. Među ostalim, ima i ulogu u liječenju distonija. Distonije su poremećaji pokreta koji se karakteriziraju stalnim ili povremenim kontrakcijama mišića, uzrokujući ponavljajuće pokrete ili abnormalne položaje dijelova tijela. Distonije se mogu dijeliti prema uzroku ili prema dijelovima tijela koji su zahvaćeni. Iako točan patofiziološki mehanizam u mozgu koji uzrokuje distoničke simptome nije potpuno razjašnjen, razvijene su različite teorije – od strukturalnih i funkcionalnih promjena mozga do ideje da je neuroplastičnost možda ključni faktor. Primarne distonije imaju genetički uzrok, a postoji niz opcija za liječenje djece i odraslih pacijenata. To može uključivati konzervativne farmakološke pristupe ili operacijske metode, pri čemu je duboka mozgovna stimulacija važna terapeutska opcija. Također, svake se godine pojavljuju nova istraživanja koja bi mogla oblikovati budućnost liječenja ovog poremećaja. Važno je napomenuti da kod pacijenata s distonijom može doći do značajnog narušenja svakodnevnog funkcioniranja i kvalitete života. Stoga, ako se konzervativne metode ne pokažu učinkovitima, treba razmotriti opciju duboke mozgovne stimulacije, terapije koja se pokazala sigurnom i iznimno učinkovitom u liječenju primarnih distonija.

Abstract (english)

Deep brain stimulation, a well-known treatment method for Parkinson's disease, has now become an important therapeutic option for various diseases. Among other uses, it plays a crucial role in the treatment of dystonias. Dystonias are movement disorders characterized by constant or intermittent muscle contractions, causing repetitive movements or abnormal body postures. Dystonias can be classified based on their cause or the parts of the body affected. Although the exact pathophysiological mechanism in the brain causing dystonic symptoms is not fully elucidated, various theories have been developed—from structural and functional brain changes to the idea that neuroplasticity may be a key factor. Primary dystonias have a genetic cause, and there are various treatment options for both children and adult patients. This may include conservative pharmacological approaches or surgical methods, with deep brain stimulation being an important therapeutic option. Additionally, each year brings new research that could shape the future of this disorder's treatment. It is important to note that patients with dystonia may experience significant impairment in daily functioning and quality of life. Therefore, if conservative methods are not effective, the option of deep brain stimulation should be considered, as it has proven to be safe and highly effective in treating primary dystonias.

• Keywords: Distonija; Duboka Mozgovna Stimulacija; Neurokirurški Postupci
• Keywords (english): Deep Brain Stimulation; Dystonia; Neurosurgical Procedures
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:878883
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-07-01 09:43:40