Analiza senzitizacije na uobičajene aeroalergene i korelacija s kliničkim simptomima u odrasloj populaciji

master's thesis

• Title (english): Analysis of sensitization to common aeroallergens and correlation with clinical symptoms in the adult population
• Author: Ana Marija Zdilar
• Mentor: Marina Ikić Matijašević (mentor)
• Committee member: Joško Mitrović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marija Bakula (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marina Ikić Matijašević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Uvod. Alergije su jedne od najčešćih kroničnih bolesti današnjice koje utječu na svakodnevni život više od 60 milijuna ljudi u Europi. Procjenjuje se da između 30 i 40% osoba u svijetu boluje od jedne ili više alergijskih bolesti te da je broj oboljelih u stalnom porastu.
Cilj istraživanja. Odrediti dominantni aeroalergen u našoj populaciji, obrazac senzitizacije na najčešće aeroalergene (monosenzitizacija ili polisenzitizacija) i odrediti simptome alergije u odrasloj senzibiliziranoj populaciji te navedeno usporediti s podacima dostupnim u literaturi.
Metode. Ovo istraživanje provedeno je od siječnja 2024. do svibnja 2024. godine u Kliničkoj bolnici Sveti Duh u Ambulanti za alergološku dijagnostiku. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 100 bolesnika starijih od 18 godina koji su ispunili upitnik o alergijskim simptomima i bolestima te im je proveden kožni ubodni test na petnaest inhalacijskih alergena.
Rezultati. U istraživanju su analizirana 83 pacijenta starija od 18 godina, od kojih je 78% bilo žena, s prosječnom dobi od 38 godina. Rezultati su pokazali da je 56.6% ispitanika imalo pozitivne kožne ubodne testove na barem jedan aeroalergen, pri čemu su najčešći bili ambrozija, pelud trava, grinje i lijeska. Utvrđeno je da su pacijenti najčešće polisenzibilizirani, što je u skladu s drugim istraživanjima. Najčešći simptomi kod ispitanika bili su kihanje, curenje i svrbež nosa, dok je 43.4% ispitanika već imalo dijagnozu alergijske bolesti, pri čemu su najčešće bile alergijski rinitis i astma. Analiza je pokazala da ispitanici s pozitivnim
kožnim testom češće imaju obiteljsku anamnezu atopijskih bolesti te da češće prijavljuju alergiju na hranu.
Zaključak. Ovo istraživanje naglašava važnost cjelovitog pristupa u dijagnostici i liječenju alergijskih bolesti obzirom na visoku prevalenciju senzibilizacije na inhalacijske alergene i simptoma alergije u našoj populaciji.

Abstract (english)

Introduction. Allergies are among the most common chronic diseases today, affecting the daily lives of over 60 million people in Europe alone. It is estimated that 30-40% of the global population is afflicted by one or more allergic diseases, with the prevalence showing a consistent upward trend.
Aim. To determine the dominant aeroallergen in our population, the pattern of sensitization to the most common aeroallergens (monosensitization or polysensitization), and to identify allergy symptoms in the adult sensitized population.
Methods. This study was conducted from January 2024 to May 2024 at the Clinical Hospital Sveti Duh in the Allergy Diagnostic Outpatient Clinic. A total of 100 patients over 18 years of age participated in the study, completing a questionnaire on allergic symptoms and diseases, and underwent a skin prick test for fifteen aeroallergens.
Results. The study analysed 83 patients over 18 years of age, of whom 78% were women, with an average age of 38 years. The results showed that 56.6% of participants had positive skin prick tests for at least one aeroallergen, with the most common being ragweed, grass pollen, dust mites, and hazelnut. It was found that patients were most commonly polysensitized, consistent with other studies. The most common symptoms among participants were sneezing, runny nose, and nasal itching, while 43.4% of participants already had a diagnosis of allergic disease, most commonly allergic rhinitis and asthma. The analysis showed that participants with positive skin prick tests more frequently had a family history of
atopic diseases and were more often allergic to food.
Conclusion. This study emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases, considering the high prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens and allergy symptoms in our population.

• Keywords: alergijske bolesti; kožni ubodni test; inhalacijski alergeni
• Keywords (english): allergic diseases; skin prick test; inhalant allergens
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:513465
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-07-01 20:39:51