Encefalitis u djece i adolescenata

master's thesis

• Title (english): Encephalitis in children and adolescents
• Author: Tea Kržak
• Mentor: Goran Tešović (mentor)
• Committee member: Marija Santini (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marija Jelušić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Goran Tešović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Infectology

Abstract

Encefalitis je upalna bolest moždanog parenhima koja može uzrokovati poremećaje moždanih funkcija. Prema etiologiji, encefalitisi se dijele na infektivne i neinfektivne, pri čemu su virusi najčešći uzročnici infektivnog encefalitisa u djece. Cilj ovog rada je provesti deskriptivnu epidemiološku analizu bolesnika s encefalitisom dječje dobi liječenih u Klinici za infektivne bolesti "Dr. Fran Mihaljević" od 2006. do 2023. godine te usporediti vjerojatnost dokazivanja etiologije u tri različita razdoblja, s obzirom na uvođenje panela za dokazivanje autoimunih encefalitisa i multiplex PCR meningitis/encefalitis panela koji simultano dokazuje prisutnost većeg broja virusnih uzročnika. U istraživanje su uključeni podaci 243 djece i adolescenata hospitaliziranih u Zavodu za infektivne bolesti djece, prosječne dobi od 8 godina. Rezultati su pokazali uspješno dokazivanje etiologije bolesti u 59,7% bolesnika. Najčešći uzročnici infektivnih encefalitisa bili su KME i VZV, dok je najčešći neinfektivni encefalitis bio ADEM. Analiza podataka nije pokazala značajno povećanje vjerojatnosti dokazivanja etiologije uvođenjem novih dijagnostičkih metoda. S toga treba zaključiti da je akutni encefalitis je kompleksna bolest koja zahtijeva multidisciplinarni pristup u dijagnostici i liječenju. Unatoč napretku u dijagnostičkom postupku, veliki broj slučajeva encefalitisa u djece i dalje ostaje etiološki nerazjašnjen.

Abstract (english)

Encephalitis is an inflammatory disease of the brain that can lead to significant disruptions in brain function. It can be classified into infectious and non-infectious, with viruses being the most common pathogen in children. This study aims to provide a descriptive epidemiological analysis of encephalitis cases in children and adolescents treated at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases "Dr. Fran Mihaljević" between 2006 and 2023. Additionally, it compares the probability of determining the etiology across three different periods, considering the implementation of panels for autoimmune encephalitis diagnostics and multiplex PCR panels for meningitis/encephalitis. The study included data from 243 children and adolescents hospitalized at the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, with an average age of 8 years old. The findings revealed that the etiology was successfully identified in 59.7% of cases. The most common infectious agents were tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV), while the most frequent non-infectious encephalitis was acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). The analysis indicated that the introduction of new diagnostic methods did not significantly increase the likelihood of identifying the etiology. In conclusion, acute encephalitis is a complex condition requiring a multidisciplinary approach for diagnosis and treatment. Despite advance in diagnostics, a substantial amount of cases remain etiologically unresolved, underscoring the need for ongoing research and improvement in diagnostic strategies.

• Keywords: Ključne riječi: akutni encefalitis; pedijatrijska populacija; etiologija
• Keywords (english): Key words: acute encephalitis; pediatric population; etiology
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:160502
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-07-02 17:27:23