Osobitosti liječenja teške astme u odnosu prema liječenju drugih oblika astme

master's thesis

• Title (english): Peculiarities of severe asthma treatment compared to the treatment of other types of asthma
• Author: Dora Šadura
• Mentor: Andrea Vukić Dugac (mentor)
• Committee member: Sanja Popović-Grle (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Jakopović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Andrea Vukić Dugac (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Liječenje teške astme razlikuje se od liječenja drugih oblika astme zbog složenosti i težine simptoma te potrebe za specifičnim terapijskim pristupima. Teška astma često zahtijeva kombinaciju različitih terapija kako bi se postigla kontrola nad simptomima i poboljšala kvaliteta života pacijenata. Temelj liječenja teške astme je uporaba visokih doza inhalacijskih kortikosteroida (ICS) u kombinaciji s dugodjelujućim beta2-agonistima (LABA), kombinacija koja djeluje protuupalno. U slučaju da temeljna terapija nije dovoljna, dodaju se i drugi lijekovi poput dugodjelujućih antikolinergika ili antagonisti leukotrijenskih receptora koji pomažu u kontroliranju upale. Biološki lijekovi predstavljaju značajan napredak u liječenju teške astme. Oni ciljaju specifične molekule u imunološkom sustavu koje su odgovorne za upalu i bronhospazam. Osim farmakološkog liječenja, važno je izbjegavanje okidača koji mogu pogoršati astmu (identifikacija i izbjegavanje alergena, prestanak pušenja). Edukacija pacijenata o pravilnom korištenju inhalatora i praćenju simptoma ključna je za uspješno upravljanje teškom astmom. Za razliku od blažih oblika astme, teška astma zahtijeva i upućivanje u ustanove specijalizirane za liječenje teške astme, gdje pacijenti dobivaju sveobuhvatnu procjenu i personalizirani plan liječenja. Redoviti pregledi i prilagodbe terapije na temelju odgovora pacijenta bitni su za postizanje optimalne kontrole bolesti. Liječenje teške astme zahtijeva multidisciplinarni pristup i kontinuiranu suradnju između pacijenta i zdravstvenih radnika kako bi se smanjila učestalost egzacerbacija i poboljšala kvaliteta života.

Abstract (english)

The treatment of severe asthma differs from the treatment of other types of asthma due to the complexity and severity of symptoms and the need for specific therapeutic approaches. Severe asthma often requires a combination of different therapies to achieve symptom control and improve the quality of life. The cornerstone of severe asthma treatment is the use of high doses of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in combination with long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA), a combination that acts anti-inflammatory. If the basic therapy is not sufficient, other drugs such as anticholinergics or leukotriene modifiers, which help control inflammation, are added. Biologic drugs represent a significant advancement in the treatment of severe asthma. They target specific molecules in the immune system responsible for inflammation and bronchospasm. In addition to pharmacological treatment, it is important to avoid triggers that can worsen asthma (identification and avoidance of allergens, smoking cessation). Patient education on the proper use of inhalers and monitoring symptoms is crucial for the successful management of severe asthma. Unlike milder forms of asthma, severe asthma also requires referral to specialist departments, where patients receive a comprehensive assessment and personalized treatment plan. Regular check-ups and adjustments to therapy based on the patient's response are essential for achieving optimal disease control. Treating severe asthma requires a multidisciplinary approach and continuous collaboration between the patient and healthcare providers to reduce the frequency of exacerbations and improve quality of life.

• Keywords: astma; biološki lijek; terapija; teška astma
• Keywords (english): asthma; biologic drug; therapy; severe asthma
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:191235
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-07-08 10:35:57