Overview of the results of clinical studies based on stem cell transplantation for patients suffering from nervous system diseases

master's thesis

• Title (croatian): Pregled rezultata kliničkih studija temeljenih na transplantaciji matičnih stanica pacijentima oboljelima od bolesti živčanog sustava
• Author: Eun Joo Park
• Mentor: Dinko Mitrečić (mentor)
• Committee member: Dinko Mitrečić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anton Glasnović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marina Radmilović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Histology and Embryology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Basic Medical Sciences; Cytology, Histology and Embryology

Abstract

Stem cell transplantation (SCT) is a promising strategy in developing new treatments for diseases like Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with potential to develop into any needed cell type. They have the ability to regenerate damaged nerve tissue or restore nerve cell functions. Following that, stem cell transplantation has been successfully applied in clinical trials for the treatment of neurological disorders, with varying degrees of progress and success. For example, mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to improve stroke outcomes by restoring blood flow, removing intracranial blood clots and reducing intracranial pressure. On the other hand, human neural stem cells can increase the degree of neuroregeneration, while autologous CD-34 positive hematopoietic stem cells can improve outcomes in patients with MS. Finally, neural stem cells (NSCs) can be used to treat MS by re-establishing functional interactions between neural and glial cells or by activating endogenous neural cells. In addition to positive effects observed in clinical trials, this thesis also reviews possible drawbacks and points towards elements which need to be improved before such protocols become routine part of therapeutic procedures.

Abstract (croatian)

Transplantacija matičnih stanica (SCT) je obećavajuća strategija u razvoju novih terapija za bolesti kao što su Parkinsonova bolest, Alzheimerova bolest, multipla skleroza (MS), moždani udar i amiotrofična lateralna skleroza (ALS). Matične stanice su nediferencirane stanice s potencijalom koji im omogućuje razviti se u bilo koju potrebnu vrstu stanica, a imaju sposobnost obnove oštećenog živčanog tkiva koju prati i obnova funkcije živčanih stanica. Transplantacija matičnih stanica uspješno je primijenjena u kliničkim ispitivanjima za liječenje neuroloških poremećaja, s različitim stupnjevima napretka i uspjeha. Na primjer, pokazalo se da mezenhimalne matične stanice poboljšavaju ishode moždanog udara obnavljanjem protoka krvi, uklanjanjem intrakranijalnih krvnih ugrušaka i smanjenjem intrakranijskog tlaka. S druge strane, ljudske živčane matične stanice mogu povećati stupanj obnove tkiva, dok autologne CD-34 pozitivne hematopoetske matične stanice mogu poboljšati ishode kod bolesnika s MS-om. Konačno, živčane matične stanice (NSC) mogu se koristiti za liječenje MS ponovnim uspostavljanjem funkcionalnih interakcija između neurona i glijalnih stanica ili aktiviranjem endogenih stanica. Osim pozitivnih učinaka uočenih u kliničkim ispitivanjima, ovaj rad razmatra i moguće nedostatke te ukazuje na elemente koje je potrebno poboljšati prije nego što takvi protokoli postanu rutinski dio terapijskih postupaka.

• Keywords: nervous system diseases; stem cell transplantation; mesenchymal stem cells; neural stem cells; clinical trials
• Keywords (croatian): bolesti živčanog sustava; transplantacija matičnih stanica; mezenhimalne matične stanice; živčane matične stanice; klinička ispitivanja
• Language: english
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:301386
• Study programme: Title: Medicine (in English language); Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-10-21 07:43:07