Genitourinary tumors and liver transplantation: A comprehensive review

Scientific paper - Review paper

• Author: Vibor Šeša
• Author: Hrvoje Silovski
• Author: Nikolina Bašić-Jukić
• Author: Iva Košuta
• Author: Maja Sremac
• Author: Anna Mrzljak
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine)
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Surgery)
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Surgery
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract (english)

Liver transplantation is as a crucial therapeutic option for patients with end-stage liver disease, but the persistent organ shortage emphasizes a need to explore unconventional donor sources, including individuals with a history of malignancies. This review investigates the viability of liver donation from individuals with current or past genitourinary malignancies, focusing on renal, prostate and urinary bladder cancers. The rising incidence of urogenital malignancies among potential donors is thought to result from increasing donor age. Analysis of transmission risks reveals low rates of donor-derived cancer transmission, particularly for early-stage renal and prostate cancers. Recipients with a history of genitourinary malignancy pose complex challenges regarding post-transplant immunosuppression and cancer recurrence. Nonetheless, the evidence suggests acceptable outcomes can be achieved with careful patient selection and tailored management strategies. Recommendations for pre-transplant evaluation and post-transplant surveillance are discussed, highlighting the need for individualized approaches in this patient population. Further prospective studies are warranted to refine guidelines and optimize outcomes in liver transplantation for patients with genitourinary malignancies.

• Keywords (english): Donor-transmitted cancer; Genitourinary malignancies; Immunosuppression; Liver transplantation; Malignancy recurrence
• Language: english
• Publication type: Scientific paper - Review paper
• Publication status: Published
• Peer review: Peer review
• Publication version: Published version
• Journal title: World Journal of Transplantation
• Numbering: vol. 14, no. 3, 95987
• p-ISSN: 2220-3230
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.5500/wjt.v14.i3.95987
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:781715
• Publication: 2024-09-18
• Document URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3230/full/v14/i3/95987.htm
• Type of resource: Text
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2025-03-20 08:59:33