Ventrikulska tahikardija kao heterogeni poremećaj ritma s različitom prognozom i terapijom

master's thesis

• Title (english): Ventricular tachycardia as heterogenous rhythm disorder with varying prognosis and therapy
• Author: Lidija Ljubičić
• Mentor: Mislav Puljević (mentor)
• Committee member: Martina Lovrić-Benčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasenka Markeljević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mislav Puljević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Ventrikulska tahikardija poremećaj je ritma srca frekvencije veće od 100/min. Najčešće se javlja u pacijenata koji imaju strukturnu bolest srca, a povezana je s povećanim rizikom od iznenadne srčane smrti. Poznat je i idiopatski oblik koji se javlja na strukturno zdravom srcu. Gledajući etiološki ishemijska bolest srca svakako je najčešći uzrok njezinog nastanka. S obzirom na izgled QRS kompleksa razlikujemo monomorfni i polimorfni oblik. Tri glavna simptoma kojima se prezentiraju pacijenti i koji trebaju daljnju obradu jesu palpitacije, presinkopa i sinkopa. 12-kanalni EKG prva je neinvazivna dijagnostička metoda u evaluaciji ovog poremećaja, a na raspolaganju su nam i ostale neinvazivne kao i invazivne metode. Važno je tražiti etiološku podlogu nastanka aritmije kako bi što ispravnije mogli liječiti bolesnike. Današnja terapija VT-a uključuje i medikamentoznu terapiju antiaritmijskim lijekovima, ali i nefarmakološke mjere poput ugradnje kardioverterskog-defibrilatora te katetersku i kiruršku ablaciju. Odgovarajuća terapija može značajno poboljšati prognozu u odabranih pacijenata. Uz zbrinjavanje akutno nastale ventrikulske tahikardije, važno je prevenirati ponovno javljanje iste i time smanjiti rizik od iznenadne srčane smrti.

Abstract (english)

Ventricular tachycardia is a heart rhythm disorder frequency greater than 100/min. It most commonly occurs in patients with structural heart disease and can be associated with an increased risk of sudden death. There is also a form of idiopathic VT which can occur in the absence of structural heart disease. The most common cause of VT is certainly ishemic heart disease. According to QRS complex, we distinguish monomorphic and polimorphic form. Palpitations, presyncope and syncope are the three most important symptoms that require further investigation. A standard 12-lead ECG is the first non-invasive diagnostic method we can use, but there are also other non-invasive and invasive diagnostic methods. It is important to find out about the etiology of arrhythmia to properly treat patients. Nowadays, the VT therapy includes both medicamentous and non-pharmacological therapy such as implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, catheter and surgical ablation. The appropriate treatment can significantly improve the prognosis in selected patients. The VT treatment involves both emergent management and prevention of recurrence so we could reduce the risk of sudden death.

• Keywords: ventrikulska tahikardija; ishemijska bolest srca; dijagnostičke metode; kardioverter-defibrilator
• Keywords (english): ventricular tachycardia; ishemic heart disease; diagnostic methods; implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:420870
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-06-30 10:17:21