Antihipertenzivna terapija u hospitaliziranih bolesnika

master's thesis

• Title (english): Antihypertensive therapy in hospitalized patients
• Author: Leonora Muhadri
• Mentor: Živka Dika (mentor)
• Committee member: Bojan Jelaković (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Jakopović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Živka Dika (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-07-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

AH je definirana kao trajno povišenje sistoličke (≥140 mmHg), dijastoličke (≥90 mmHg) ili obiju vrijednosti AT-a u mirovanju. U 90-95% slučajeva se radi o primarnoj AH čiji uzrok je nepoznat. AH poznata uzroka naziva se sekundarnom AH, povezana je s bolestima bubrega, krvnih žila, srca i endokrinog sustava. Hospitalizirani bolesnici češće mogu imati povišeni AT u odnosu na nehospitalizirane, jer su izloženi stresu, boli, neinvazivnim i invazivnim medicinskim procedurama. Perioperativna kontrola AT-a je vrlo važna jer postupci prije, tijekom i poslije operacije mogu uzrokovati mnogo veće varijacije u vrijednostima AT-a i srčane frekvencije nego u normotenzivnih. Vrlo je važno propisati odgovarajuću AHT jer neliječena i nekontrolirana AH može uzrokovati životno ugrožavajuće stanje hospitaliziranih bolesnika. Istraživanja su pokazala da sniženje AH ima zaštitni učinak na ciljne organe. Sniženje AT-a smanjuje incidenciju moždanog udara, infarkta srca, zatajenja srca, bolesti perifernih arterija i bolesti bubrega. Uz medikamentozno liječenje AH u hospitaliziranih bolesnika, ne smije se zaboraviti i važna uloga nefarmakoloških mjera koje uključuju smanjen unos soli, smanjenje tjelesne mase te prestanak pušenja.

Abstract (english)

Hypertension is defined as a sustained increase in systolic (≥140 mmHg), diastolic (≥90 mmHg) or both blood pressures at rest. The most common is hypertension of unknown cause. Hypertension of known cause is called secondary hypertension and may be associated with kidney disease, artery disease, heart diseases, or disease of the endocrine system. Hospitalized patients are more likely to have increased blood pressure because they are exposed to stress, pain, and non-invasive and invasive medical procedures. Perioperative control of blood pressure is very important because in hypertensive patients procedures before, during, and after the operation cause many more variations of blood pressure and heart rate than in normotensive patients. It is very important to prescribe antihypertensives appropriately and at the right time since hypertension in those patients can cause life- threatening conditions. Recent studies have shown that blood pressure decrease has a protective effect on target organs because it reduce the incidence od stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, peripheral artery disease, and kidney disease. In addition to antihypertensive therapy, we should not forget lifestyle modifications such as reduced salt intake and smoking cessation.

• Keywords: arterijska hipertenzija; hospitalizirani bolesnici; antihipertenzivna terapija
• Keywords (english): hospitalized patients; hypertension; antihypertensive therapy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:045688
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-10-23 12:08:26