Suvremene spoznaje o alkoholizmu u 21. stoljeću

master's thesis

• Title (english): Recent findings on alcoholism in the 21st century
• Author: Lorena Đapo
• Mentor: Hrvoje Tiljak (mentor)
• Committee member: Ognjen Brborović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Venija Cerovečki Nekić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Tiljak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Family Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-07-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Public Health and Health Care; Family Medicine

Abstract

Alkoholizam je kronična i progresivna bolest koja bez liječenja neminovno dovodi do smrtnog ishoda. Danas postoje dvije velike klasifikacije psihičkih poremećaja: Mentalni poremećaji i poremećaji ponašanja unutar Međunarodne klasifikacije bolesti i srodnih zdravstvenih problema (MKB-10) i Dijagnostički i statistički priručnik za duševne poremećaje (DSM-5). Poremećaj uzimanja alkohola je definiran bihevioralnim i fizičkim simptomima koji mogu uključivati žudnju, toleranciju i sindrom sustezanja. Posljedice pijenja alkohola se mogu manifestirati na bilo kojem organskom sustavu. Prekomjerno pijenje alkohola je povezano s psihološkim posljedicama i ima veliki utjecaj na socijalni život osobe. Preporuča se da se svi bolesnici u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti pregledaju zbog mogućeg nezdravog uzimanja alkohola. Dijagnoza se temelji na sveobuhvatnoj procjeni, uključujući anamnezu, fizički pregled i laboratorijske testove. Cilj liječenja alkoholizma je apstinencija, koja ostaje primarni fokus terapije. Liječenje ovisnosti o alkoholu u 21. stoljeću ima mogućnost dodavanja farmakoterapije tradicionalnim pristupima liječenju. Psihosocijalna terapija može smanjiti uzimanje alkoholnih pića i produžiti apstinenciju bilo da se koristi sama ili u kombinaciji s farmakoterapijom, ali bez farmakološkog dodatka psihosocijalnoj terapiji, klinički ishod je slab. Alkoholizam je kronična bolest i zato zahtijeva konstantni oprez pacijenta i onih koji ga okružuju, kao i ponavljane intervencije. Primarna skrb je važna ulazna točka za sve bolesnike koji pate od kroničnih stanja. Specijalisti obiteljske medicine najbolje su pozicionirani za rješavanje poremećaja uzimanja alkohola na sveobuhvatan način. Zemlje koje djeluju na smanjenju štetne uporabe alkohola unutar Europskog akcijskog plana za smanjenje štetne uporabe alkohola za 2012. – 2020. će imati znatne dobitke u smislu boljeg zdravlja i blagostanja stanovništva.

Abstract (english)

Alcoholism is a chronic and progressive disease that results in fatal outcomes without treatment. Today, there are two major classifications of mental disorders: mental disorders and behavioral disorders within the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (MKB-10) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Alcohol abuse is defined by behavioral and physical symptoms that may include craving, tolerance, and susceptibility syndrome. The consequences of drinking alcohol can be manifested in any organ system. Excessive drinking of alcohol is associated with psychological consequences and has severe impacts on the social life of an individual. It is recommended all patients in primary health care be examined for possible unhealthy alcohol consumption. Diagnosis is based on a comprehensive assessment, including anamnesis, physical examination and laboratory tests. The goal of treating alcoholism is abstinence, which remains the primary focus of therapy. The treatment of alcohol dependence in the 21st century has the potential to add pharmacotherapy to traditional treatments. Psychosocial therapy may reduce the consumption of alcoholic beverages and prolong the abstinence whether used alone or rather in combination with pharmacotherapy. Without a pharmacological addition to psychosocial therapy, the clinical outcome is poor. Alcoholism is a chronic disease and therefore requires constant caution of the patient and those around them, as well as repeated interventions. Primary care is an important entry point for all patients suffering from chronic conditions. Family medicine specialists are best positioned to address substance and addiction disorders in a comprehensive manner. Countries that work to reduce the harmful use of alcohol within the European Action Plan for the Reduction of Harmful Use of Alcohol 2012-2020 will have significant gains in terms of better health and well-being of the population.

• Keywords: alkoholizam; poremećaj uzimanja alkohola; obiteljska medicina; kontinuirano liječenje
• Keywords (english): alcoholism; alcohol use disorder; family medicine
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:254226
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-11-10 12:54:40