Umjetni kuk kod prijeloma proksimalnog femura

master's thesis

• Title (english): Hip prosthesis in proximal femur fracture
• Author: Ana Ptičar
• Mentor: Božidar Šebečić (mentor)
• Committee member: Mario Starešinić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Meštrović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Božidar Šebečić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Surgery); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-07-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Surgery
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Orthopedics

Abstract

Prijelomi proksimalnog femura odnose se na prijelome u području kuka. Karakteristično je da se javljaju u starijim dobnim skupinama, osobito osobama s osteoporozom. Kod ovih pacijenata, najčešće se radi o prijelomima nastalim djelovanjem sila malog intenziteta, obično pri padu u razini, dok kod mlađih pacijenata nastaju kao rezultat djelovanja traume snažnih sila. Velika većina pacijenata s prijelomom kuka (>90%) su stariji od pedeset godina. Incidencija ovih prijeloma je 2-3 puta veća u žena u usporedbi s muškom populacijom. S obzirom na lokalizaciju frakturne pukotine, dijelimo ih na frakture glave femura, frakture vrata femura, pertrohanterne te subtrohanterne prijelome. Svaki tip prijeloma zahtjeva posebu metodu liječenja te uključuje svojstvene komplikacije i kontroverzna pitanja oko odabira najbolje metode liječenja. Ugradnja umjetnog kuka je općeprihvaćena kao najbolji način liječenja prijeloma vrata bedrene kosti u starijih pacijenata. Dva su osnovna oblika zamjene kuka: parcijalna proteza te totalna proteza kuka, koja se i puno češće provodi. S obzirom na fiksaciju proteze, razlikujemo cementnu i bescementnu protezu. Danas su dostupni različito dizajnirani femoralni i acetabularni dijelovi proteze, načinjeni od različitih materijala. Odgovarajuću protezu odabiremo s obzirom na životni stil i aktivnost bolesnika, predviđeno trajanje života, kvalitetu kosti, dostupnost određenog implantata i odgovarajuće kirurške opreme te prema iskustvu kirurga.

Abstract (english)

Proximal femur fractures are a group of fractures in the hip region. They are typical for older patients, especially for those who have osteoporosis. Considering this group of patients, fractures are usually result of low energy trauma, while when it comes to younger patients, it happens as a result of high energy trauma. An overwhelming majority of hip fracture patients (>90%) aged above 50. The incidence of these fractures is 2-3 times more frequent in females as compared to the male population. They are classified according to the anatomical location into: femoral head fracture, neck of femur fracture, pertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fracture. Each of these fracture types requires special methods of treatment and has its own set of complications and controversies regarding the optimal method of menagement. Prosthetic replacement of neck femur fractures is generally accepted as the best method of treatment for geriatric patients. There are two main types of hip replacement: hemiarthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty, which is much more performed. Regarding the fixation of prosthesis we distinguish cemented and cementless hip replacement. Nowdays we can choose among various materials and designs of femoral and acetabular hip components. Components are selected according to the patient's lifestyle and activity, the patient's anticipated longevity, the bone quality, the availability of implants and proper instrumentation, and the experience of the surgeon.

• Keywords: prijelomi kuka; osteoporoza; totalna proteza kuka
• Keywords (english): hip fractures; osteoporosis; total hip replacement
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:595750
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-03-27 12:16:42