Utjecaj refraktivne kirurgije na slabovidnost kod odraslih pacijenata

master's thesis

• Title (english): Effects of refractive surgery on amblyopia in adult patients
• Author: Ivan Gabrić
• Mentor: Smiljka Popović-Suić (mentor)
• Committee member: Sanja Dolanski-Babić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Miro Kalauz (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Smiljka Popović-Suić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Ophthalmology

Abstract

Slabovidnost, tj. ambliopija je tip oštećenja funkcije osjetila vida. Ona pogađa između 2% i 3% svjetske populacije. Kako bi čovjek jasno vidio potrebno je imati jasnu sliku koja pada na retinu oka. Vidni put koji prenosi živčane signale od retine do vizualnog korteksa mora biti bez abnormalnosti.Vidni korteks koji je zadužen za obradu informacija koje dolaze iz očiju mora biti adekvatno razvijen. Slabovidnost je, kao što ime govori, gubitak određenog stupnja vidnih funkcija. Vidne funkcije u klasičnom smislu su oštrina, kontrastna osjetljivost, binokularni vid te sposobnost praćenja kretanja. Znatno češće se manifestira na jednom oku, no moguća je i na oba oka. Etiološki gledano, u svojoj osnovi slabovidnost ima nekoliko čestih uzroka: strabizam, izraženu refraktivnu grešku, prijevremeni porod, bolesti mrežnice ili urođenu kataraktu. Prisutnost nekog od ovih uzroka u ranom djetinjstvu dovodi do neadekvatnog podraživanja vidnog korteksa u doba najveće plastičnosti mozga, tj. u prvom desetljeću života. Iako je slabovidnost najčešća patologija vida u djece, djeca vrlo rijetko jasno mogu komunicirati svoje poteškoće vezane uz funkciju osjetila vida te se zbog toga danas u Hrvatskoj provodi Nacionalni program ranog otkrivanja slabovidnosti. U klasičnom pristupu liječenja slabovidnosti postoji paradigma da ga ima smisla liječiti tijekom prvog desetljeća života jer razvoj vidnog dijela mozga završava do 7. godine života. Razvojem refraktivne kirurgije u zadnjih 25 godina povećao se broj odraslih slabovidnih pacijenata koji su se podvrgnuli tom tipu zahvata te je došlo do znatnog porasta interesa pacijenata koji pate od slabovidnosti za ovim tipom zahvata. U ovom radu prikazana su 42 slučaja, te njihovi poslijeoperacijski rezultati na razini 12 mjeseci nakon zahvata. Zahvati su na ispitanicima učinjeni u periodu od 2010. do 2017. godine.

Abstract (english)

Amblyopia is a disorder that affects the function of sight. It is estimated that between 2% and 3% of the total population is affected by it. For humans to see well we must have the following prerequisites - clear image being formed on the retina, a visual pathway that is free of abnormalities and finally, the visual cortex of the brain must be adequately developed. Amblyopia often called "lazy eye," is a loss of a certain portion of normal visual functions, in a classical sense they are visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, binocular vision and the ability to notice moving objects in our visual field. It can manifest itself more common in one eye, but it can affect both eyes. From an etiological standpoint, amblyopia is most commonly caused by strabismus, very large refractive errors, premature birth, a disease of the retina or congenital cataracts. Presence of one or more of these factors can lead to inadequate stimulation of the visual cortex during the early years of life during a time when the brain has the most neuroplasticity. Although amblyopia is the most commonly found eye pathology in children they often are unable to communicate their visual issues, therefore today in Croatia, we have a National amblyopia screening program. In a classical sense, amblyopia should be treated during the first decade of life as the visual cortex development is complete by the age of 7. During the past 25 years with the advances in refractive surgery, the number of adults suffering from amblyopia who had refractive surgery has increased, and the interest of amblyopes is growing into this type of surgery. This thesis is based on 42 cases of adult amblyopes who had refractive surgery with a 12 month follow up. The procedures were performed between the years of 2010. and 2017.

• Keywords: slabovidnost; ambliopija; lasersko skidanje dioptrije; refraktivna kirurgija; LASIK
• Keywords (english): lazy eye; amblyopia; laser vision correction; refractive surgery; LASIK
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:807350
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-01-02 13:38:36