Primarna i sekundarna prevencija kardiovaskularnih bolesti

master's thesis

• Title (english): Primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases
• Author: Ivan Sikirić
• Mentor: Diana Delić-Brkljačić (mentor)
• Committee member: Nikola Bulj (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Martina Lovrić Benčić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Diana Delić-Brkljačić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Kardiovaskularne bolesti (KVB) vodeći su uzrok morbiditeta i mortaliteta u svijetu i predstavljaju jedan od najvažnijih javnozdravstvenih problema današnjice. Zadnjih nekoliko desetljeća smrtnost od KVB je u stalnom padu, što se pripisuje provedbi preventivnih mjera i promjeni životnog stila. Hrvatska spada u zemlje s visokim rizikom kardiovaskularnih bolesti, no i kod nas se bilježi postupan pad smrtnosti od KVB. Odgovarajuća primarna i sekundarna prevencija sprječava preranu smrt i neželjene kardiovaskularne događaje, a postiže se kombinacijom nefarmakoloških mjera i farmakološkog liječenja. Ako se pravovremeno djeluje na čimbenike rizika za nastanak KVB, više od 75% KVB je preventabilno. Kardiovaskularna bolest najčešće nastaje kombinacijom nekoliko rizičnih faktora, od kojih možemo utjecati na: prehranu, pušenje, manjak tjelesne aktivnosti, prekomjernu tjelesnu težinu, povišeni krvni tlak, povišene masnoće u krvi i šećernu bolest. Prema smjernicama Europskog kardiološkog društva (ECS) iz 2016., kao metodu procjene ukupnoga kardiovaskularnog rizika preporučuju SCORE tablice, kojima se procjenjuje apsolutni 10-godišnji rizik smrtonosnoga kardiovaskularnog događaja. Rizik za nastanak KVB podijeljen je u 4 stupnja: nizak, umjereni, visok i vrlo visok. Populacijske mjere temeljene na promociji zdravog načina života komplimentirane individualiziranim pristupom i terapijom, ključ su efektivne prevencije.

Abstract (english)

Cardiovascular diseases are leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and they represent one of the most important public health problem of our time. Last few decades mortality declined steadily, much of which can be attributed to implementation of preventive measures and lifestyle changes. Croatia belongs to group of European countries with a high cardiovascular risk, however there has been gradual decline in mortality from cardiovascular diseases. Appropriate primary and secondary prevention which prevents premature death and unwanted cardiovascular events is achieved by combination of non-pharmacological measures and pharmacological treatment. If risk factors for CVD are addressed in timely manner, more than 75% of them are preventable. Cardiovascular disease usually begins with combination of risk factors, some we can control: diet, smoking, physical inactivity, being overweight, high blood pressure, high colesterol and diabetes. According to ECS 2016. guidelines, preferred method for assessment of total CVD risk is SCORE system, estimating an individual’s 10 year risk of fatal CVD. Cardiovascular risk is divided in 4 categories: low, moderate, high and
very high risk. Population based measures based on health lifestlye promotion complimented by individual approach and therapy are key to effective prevention.

• Keywords: kardiovaskularne bolesti; prevencija; kardiovaskularni rizik
• Keywords (english): cardiovascular diseases; prevention; cardiovascular risk
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:991122
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-03-20 09:44:59