Kolorektalni karcinom u mlađoj populaciji

master's thesis

• Title (english): Colorectal cancer in young adults
• Author: Josip Čičak
• Mentor: Hrvoje Silovski (mentor)
• Committee member: Goran Augustin (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Meštrović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Silovski (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Surgery); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Surgery

Abstract

Kolorektalni karcinom nalazi se na trećem mjestu prema učestalosti u oba spola. Iako se incidencija u starijoj dobnoj skupini smanjuje zadnjih nekoliko godina zahvaljujući probirnim testovima, u mlađoj populaciji ona je u stalnom porastu. Etiologija većine kolorektalnih karcinoma nastalih u mlađih nije do kraja razjašnjenja stoga se nazivaju sporadičnima. Značajan udio u ovoj dobnoj skupini čini nasljedni kolorektalni karcinom. Najčešći uzrok sindromskog kolorektalnog karcinoma u mladih je Lynchov sindrom. Također se javlja u sklopu polipoznih sindroma koje dijelimo na adenomatozne, hamartomatozne te miješane polipozne sindrome. Najznačajniji u skupini adenomatoznih sindroma su familijarna adenomatozna polipoza, atenuirana familijarna adenomatozna polipoza te MUTYH-asocirana polipoza. U skupinu hamartomatoznih polipa ubrajaju se sindrom juvenilne polipoze, Peutz-Jeghersov sindrom, PTEN-hamartomatozni sindromi itd.. Klinička slika kolorektalnog karcinoma ne razlikuje se uvelike od one u starijoj populaciji, ali zbog manje vjerojatnosti bolesti u ovoj dobi te nedostatka probiranih testova često se kasni s postavljanjem dijagnoze te se bolest dijagnosticira u uznapredovanim stadijima. U liječenju kolorektalnog karcinoma u mladih koriste se isti modaliteti liječenja kao u starijoj dobi. Međutim, kod sindroma koji nose značajan rizik za razvoj karcinoma mogu se učiniti profilaktičke operacije, a velika korist uočena je kod kemoprofilakse Lynchovog sindroma aspirinom.

Abstract (english)

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in both genders. Although the incidence in older population has been decreasing in the last few years, incidence in young adults is increasing. Etiology for the most colorectal cancers in young adults is yet unknown. That type of colorectal cancer is named sporadic. Significant part in this age group belongs to hereditary colorectal cancer and the most frequent hereditary cancer syndrome is Lynch syndrome. Moreover, colorectal cancer can appear in polyposis syndromes which are divided into three groups: adenomatous, hamartomatous and mixed polyposis syndromes. The most important in the group of adenomatous syndromes are familial adenomatous polyposis, atenuated familial adenomatous polyposis and MUTYH- associcated polyposis. The group of hamartomatous syndromes includes juvenile polyposis syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, PTEN-hamartomatous syndromes etc. Clinical presentation of colorectal cancer in young adults doesn´t differ much from colorectal cancer in older people but because CRC is not common in young age and due to lack of screening in that age, colorectal cancer in young adults is often diagnosed in advanced stage. Treatment of colorectal cancer in young adults is same as in older people. However, in hereditary syndromes with increased risk of colorectal cancer, prophilactic surgery can be performed. Also, there is a great benefit from aspirin chemoprophylaxis in Lynch syndrome.

• Keywords: kolorektalni karcinom; mlađa populacija; Lynchov sindrom
• Keywords (english): colorectal cancer; young adults; Lynch syndrome
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:748040
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-02-17 14:49:37